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关键词： 地沟油   食品安全监督管理   瘦肉精   思想政治教育   食品安全与卫生学   毒奶粉   食品安全问题   安全与发展  

摘要： "民以食为天",食品是人们生存与发展的基础,其质量与安全系数的高低直接关系到人们生活质量的好坏。但近年来,"毒奶粉""地沟油""瘦肉精"等食品安全问题频发,严重威胁到人们的生存安全与发展安全,刺激着人们的神经。

关键词： 多元化教学模式   生物化学   教学改革  

摘要： 生物化学是医学各专业学生必修的一门专业基础课。文章从生物化学课程的特点出发,如何针对独立学院医学专业学生提高教学效果,就故事引入化教学、对比记忆式教学、形象比喻式教学、顺口溜式教学、线上线下混合式教学等多元化教学模式进行了探讨。

关键词： 现代食品分析   仪器分析   新技术  

摘要： 食品分析是研究和评定食品品质及其变化的一门学科,是传统分析化学与食品科学与工程的有机结合。本文就现代食品分析常用到的仪器分析技术及其应用范围进行了总结论述,同时还对仪器分析技术的发展及意义进行探讨,使人们对现代食品分析中常用的仪器分析技术有更进一步的了解。

关键词： 生物化学技术   中医药   应用研究  

摘要： 随着中国生物化学技术领域发展的日益完善,中医药领域生物化学技术的应用也开始受到人们关注,越来越多研究表明在中医药中恰当的运用生物化学技术能推动中医药领域的发展和革新。文章从生物化学技术的内容出发,阐述生物化学技术在中医药中的有效应用,并提出未来中医药中应用生物化学技术时需要注意的事项。

关键词： 《生物化学》   高等医药院校   体育运动员   体能消耗   药学类专业   代谢情况   教材规划   生物化学  

摘要： 运动营养生物化学作为新型生物科学类学科对体育运动员的生理健康起到了重要的作用。结合《生物化学》能够将营养学与生物化学有机结合对运动员的体能消耗以及集体代谢情况进行深入的研究和客观的评估,为制定科学的营养方案提出有效的参考。为了能够更好地适应我国高等医药教育的改革发展,结合我国高等医药院校药学类专业的第八次教材规划,姚文兵主编的《生物化学》第八版更好地体现了本学科的进步以及我国医药现代化的整体发展趋势,全书共分为四个篇章,内容主要包含生命的分子基础、物质代谢与能量转换、遗传信息的传递、药学生化,书末还附有中英文对照索引。

关键词： OBE   食品分析   教学模式   探索  

摘要： 为提高学生工程实践能力,以“食品分析”课程群为例,将OBE理念融入课程教学模式改革中。以学生为中心,以成果为导向,设计课程教学体系,建立新的教学大纲,明确考核评价方法和改进体系,构建基于OBE理念的面向工程认证的食品分析类课程教学模式。探索以学生为主体、以成果为导向的“食品分析”课程教学模式,培养高级工程技术人才。

关键词： MIDWESTERN UNITED-STATES   FRESH-WATER FISH   CYPRINUS-CARPIO   OXIDATIVE STRESS   RIVER-BASIN   CATFISH   ACETOCHLOR   BIOMARKERS   LIVER   TOXICITY  

摘要： The hepatotoxic effects of sub-lethal concentrations of atrazine (2.5, 25, 250, and 500 mu g L-1) on Clarias gariepinus juveniles were assessed for 28 days in a quality-controlled laboratory procedure. The study was designed to determine the effects of atrazine on selected liver function biomarkers: alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), albumin (ALB) and total protein (TP), and to analyze the liver tissues of the fish using a quantitative and qualitative histology-based health assessment protocol. The levels of ALB and TP in exposed specimens were observed to decrease with increasing concentrations of atrazine. However, the activities of ALT, AST, and ALP showed significant (p < 0.05) increase with increasing concentrations of atrazine. Hepatic assessment of the liver tissues revealed marked histopathological alterations, including structural changes (necrotic/apoptotic liver tissue, poor hepatic cord structure, and loss of normal architecture) in 52.2% of the liver tissues in the treatment groups; plasma alterations (vacuolation or fat inclusions, 22.9%) of hepatocytes; hypertrophied hepatocyte (55.2%); nuclear alterations (52.1%); focal necrosis (16.7%); complete degeneration of hepatocytes (60.45%); sinusoids congested with red blood cells or vascular congestion (70.8%); and karyolysis of the nucleus (18.8%). Findings from this study suggest that atrazine interferes with liver function markers and disrupts the normal architectural and structural components of the liver resulting in noninfectious liver injury. This condition resulted in repeated cycles, cell deaths, and inflammation, which could result in the eventual death of the exposed fish if exposure duration was prolonged.

关键词： Permanent interstitial   Localized prostate cancer   Patient's acceptance   Survival   Follow-up   INTENSITY-MODULATED RADIOTHERAPY   QUALITY-OF-LIFE   RADIATION-THERAPY   RECOMMENDATIONS   OUTCOMES   IMPLANTATION   MEN  

摘要： Purpose The goal of our study was comparison of external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) and I-125 seeds brachytherapy in terms of biochemical control and development of late gastrointestinal and genitourinary side effects. Patients and methods 477 low-risk prostate cancer patients treated between 2000 and 2019 at our department using either I-125 seeds brachytherapy or EBRT with a dose of 74 or 78 Gy were reviewed for our analysis. 213 patients were treated with EBRT and 264 with seeds. Results Patients were followed up yearly with a median follow-up of 70 (3-192) months. The biochemical no evidence of disease (bNED) rates after 5 years were 95% for both EBRT and seeds, and after 10 years 87% for EBRT and 94% for seeds using the Phoenix criteria, although no significant difference was observed. Concerning gastrointestinal side effects, EBRT showed significantly higher rates of RTOG grade >= 2 toxicity compared to seeds, but at no point in follow-up more than 15% of all patients. On the other hand, genitourinary side effects were significantly more prevalent in patients treated with seeds, with 40% RTOG grade >= 2 toxicity 12 months after treatment. Nevertheless, both types of side effects decreased over time. Conclusion Both EBRT and seeds provide excellent biochemical control with bNED rates after 10 years of about 90%. In terms of side effects, patients treated with seeds show higher grades of genitourinary side effects, while patients treated with EBRT show higher grades of gastrointestinal side effects.

关键词： Obesity   Mice   Resveratrol   Cytokines   Adipokines   Muscle tone   Behavior  

摘要： Polyphenolic biologically active substances (BAS) including resveratrol (R) can exert beneficial effects on fat accumulation, blood pressure, glycemia, insulin sensitivity, and plasma lipid profile in patients with obesity, and associated diseases. The study aimed to determine the effect of R at a dose of 25 mg/kg body weight on the DBA/2J and DBCB mice with diet-induced obesity followed by the consumption high-fat high-carbohydrate diet (HFCD). Behavioral reactions (elevated plus maze [EPM]) and muscle tone (the strength of the forepaw grip) were tested, and plasma biochemical and immunological parameters were assessed. In the repeated EPM test, anxiety increased only in DBCB mice during the second trial. In DBCB mice treated with HFCD, the muscle tone decreased with the second trial; however, this effect was not observed in the background of R consumption. R decreased the level of triglycerides, diminished the activities of alanine and asparagine aminotransferases, which were elevated upon HFCD consumption. Ghrelin level increased after R consumption in mice of both genotypes. The leptin to ghrelin ratio was reduced in DBCB mice receiving R. Consumption of R increased IL-3 and IL-10 levels in both DBA/2J and DBCB mice. IL-12p70 level increased in DBCB mice in response to R. R addition to HFCD reduced several symptoms of dyslipidemia in highly sensitive tetrahybrid mice. The results obtained indicate the importance of a personalized (depending on the genotype) approach when any R prescription, among other BAS and dietary factors, are used in diet therapy for patients with low, moderate and high-risk obesity. (C) 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.