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关键词： Nile tilapia   Zeolites   Chitosan nanoparticles   Imidacloprid   Growth   Body composition  

摘要： This study aimed at the evaluation of the mitigating effects of dietary zeolites (ZEO) and/or chitosan nanoparticle (ChNP) on imidacloprid (IMID)-induced toxicity in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Fish (18.03 +/- 0.01 g) were allocated into six groups;one fed on a basal diet (control) (CTR), and the other groups were fed diets supplemented with ChNPs (5 g kg(-1)) and/or ZEO (20 and 40 g kg(-1)) (ZEO(20) and ZEO(40)) for 60 days. In the last 14 days of the experiment, all groups were exposed to a sub-lethal dose of IMID (1/2 of 96 h LC50 = 0.0545 mu g L-1). Dietary ZEO(20) significantly improved all growth parameters (P < 0.05), while ChNPs had no significant effects. The crude protein of the fish body was significantly increased in all groups compared to the CTR (P < 0.05). No significant impacts of ChNPs, ZEO, and their interaction (P > 0.05) were noticed on the moisture, dry matter, and ash percentages. Compared to the CTR, hematocrit values were significantly decreased (P < 0.05) in ChNP and ZEO(20) groups;meanwhile, their levels were significantly increased (P < 0.05) in the ZEO(40) group and all combined treatments. Fish fed diets with ChNPs and/or ZEO had significant increments in the MCV values (P < 0.05). Moreover, fish fed diets supplemented with ChNPs or their combination with ZEO had the lowest glucose and alkaline phosphatase levels compared with the CTR. Serum aspartate transferase levels were significantly decreased in all treated groups (P < 0.05) compared to the CTR. ChNPs alone or combined with ZEO significantly exhibited the highest lysozyme and nitro blue tetrazolium values (P < 0.05). On the other hand, fish in the CTR group had the highest malondialdehyde and lowest nitric oxide levels compared to the other groups. Interestingly, the lowest IMID residues in fish flesh were found in fish groups fed diet with a combination of ZEO and ChNPs. Partial or complete protection of the hepatic and splenic tissues were observed in fish group with co

关键词： PSMA   PET/CT   Prostate Cancer  

摘要： Objective: To assess the clinical usefulness of Ga-68-PSMA PET/CT studies in patients with occult biochemical recurrence of prostate carcinoma, with negative or inconclusive radiologic and 18F-Choline PET/CT imaging studies. Material and methods: Retrospective observational and diagnostic accuracy. The first 14 patients with a history of prostate carcinoma, treated with curative intent and presenting suspicion of biochemical recurrence with low PSA values (< 3 ng/ml) were selected. Imaging studies, prostate ultrasound, pelvic CT and/or MRI were negative, and all of them had a negative or inconclusive 18F-Choline PET/CT. All patients were referred to Ga-68-PSMA-11 PET/CT. Protocol: Dose 2.2 MBq/kg. 20 mg furosemide at start. PET/CT images from skull base to proximal third of thighs at 60 min, and late images at 3 hours if needed. Results: The Ga-68-PSMA-11 PET/CT was able to localize the occult biochemical recurrence in 9 of the 14 patients (64.2%), and it affected the therapeutic attitude in all of them. Four patients (28.5%) obtained a negative or inconclusive Ga-68-PSMA-11 PET/CT and continued under vigilant approach with PSA controls and imaging studies according to the clinical guidelines. These patients had the lowest PSA values (less than 1 ng/ml). One of the Ga-68-PSMA-11 PET/CT studies was inconclusive, reporting the presence of a doubtful right iliac adenopathy. Conclusion: Ga-68-PSMA-11 PET/CT allows an early diagnosis, with low PSA values, of occult biochemical recurrence of prostate carcinoma, even in patients with negative 18F-Choline PET/CT. (C) 2021 AEU. Published by Elsevier Espana, S.L.U. All rights reserved.

关键词： Biofertilizer   Calcareous alga   Humic acid   Organic production  

摘要： The development of new natural biostimulant sources for a sustainable agriculture is a strategic issue aiming to improve the healthy food production. In this sense, the goal was to identify the biostimulant action of the calcareous alga Lithothamnium sp. (Rhodophyta) on onion in two experiments, (i) in pots and (ii) at field under organic system, both in factorial scheme with two onion cultivars and foliar sprays with micronized Lithothamnium sp. at concentration of 1.5 and 3.0 g L-1. The plant growth promotion and commercial yield improvement of two onion cultivars were achieved and related to changes on amino acid metabolism and source-to-sink flow stimuli. Better nutrient acquisition also was achieved related to the stimuli to thin roots growth, with N, Mg, Mn, Zn, and Cu content in bulbs improved at 3.0 g L-1, while 1.5 g L-1 allowed highest Ca, Mg, Mn, and Zn content in bulbs. Thus, the results presents Lithothamnium sp. as novel biostimulant source to grow onion, which effects related to the presence of bioactive humic acid that calcareous algae release by micronization.

关键词： Kidney stones   Filtration barrier   Immunohistochemistry   Rat  

摘要： The aim of this study is to investigate whether the filtration barrier is affected by experimental kidney stone formation. Thirty-two rats divided into 4 equally groups (n = 8) at random. Group I control;Group II 1% ethylene glycol;Group III 1% Ethylene glycol + 0.25% Ammonium chloride;Group IV 1% Ethylene glycol + 0.5% Ammonium chloride group. Tissues applied hematoxylin-eosin, periodic-acid-Schiff, Pizzolato's staining. Immunohistochemically stained with integrin alpha 3 beta 1, type IV collagen, laminin, nephrin, CD2-associated protein (CD2AP) and podocin to show the filtration barrier structure. The TUNEL method was used for apoptosis. The amount of calcium, magnesium, creatinine and uric acid in urine and blood samples, also urine microprotein determined. Stones were formed in all experimental groups. Urine calcium, creatinine, uric acid levels decreased, magnesium levels were not changed. No statistically significant change was observed in blood serum results and TUNEL analysis. Immunohistochemical results showed an increase in nephrin, podocin, CD2AP, laminin and a decrease in integrin alpha 3 beta 1 and type IV collagen. Consequently, there is an increase in the expression densities of the proteins incorporated in the structure to prevent loss of functionality in the cellular part supporting the structure against a weakening of the basement membrane structure in the glomerular structure in which urine is filtered.

关键词： a生物化学  

ISBN: (纸本)9787569708998

关键词： NIK kinase   NF-κ   B noncanonical pathway   time-dependent inhibition   residence time  

摘要： Two different signaling pathways lead to the activation of the transcription factor NF-kappa B, initiating distinct biological responses: The canonical NF-kappa B pathway activation has been implicated in host immunity and inflammatory responses, whereas the noncanonical pathway activation has been involved in lymphoid organ development and B-cell maturation, as well as in the development of chronic inflammatory diseases and some hematologic cancers. The NF-kappa B-inducing kinase (NIK) is a cytoplasmic Ser/Thr kinase and is a key regulator of the noncanonical pathway. NIK activation results in the processing of the p100 subunit to p52, leading to the formation of the RelB/p52 complex and noncanonical pathway activation. Because of its role in the development of lymphoid malignancies, this kinase has always been considered as an attractive target for the treatment of certain types of cancers and immune diseases. We at Takeda have pursued a drug discovery program to identify small-molecule inhibitors against NIK. This report provides an overview of the data generated from our screening campaign using a small fragment library. Most importantly, we also provide a kinetic analysis of published compounds and chemical series developed at Takeda that are associated with a slow tight-binding mechanism and excellent cellular potency.

关键词： Sardine   Maruca   Fesseikh   Mugel   Moloha   Water activity   Staphylococcus   Lactobacillus  

摘要： Salted fish products provide essential nutrients and make a significant contribution to nutrition. Chemical composition, water activity (a(w)), sodium chloride content, pH, and microbiological analysis of five different salted fish products originating from Egypt and Spain were investigated. Chemical quality parameters such as free fatty acids (FFA), total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N) content, trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS) content, peroxide value (PV), and thiobarbituric acid value (TBA) were also evaluated. The chemical composition varies greatly among different salted fish types. Analysis of salted fish samples showed high contents of TVB-N and PV, while TBA values of all samples were quite low, indicating the limited formation of secondary lipid oxidation products. The highest FFA value was recorded for Sardine, whereas Maruca recorded the lowest FFA value. Total bacterial count ranged from 3.68 to 6.92, Lactobacillus count 1.08-5.02, yeast and mold counts 0.98-3.78, Staphylococcus count 1.21-5.18, and halophilic bacteria count 2.87-6.35 log(10) CFU/g. No coliforms group was detected in all samples, while enterococci count, with a less than 1.0 log(10) CFU/g, was detected only in Fesseikh, Mugel, and Moloha samples. It could be concluded in the Egyptian and Spanish salted fish, the differences are meaningful, and this might be related to the different geographical origins of fishes and the different manufacturing processes used.

关键词： Genotoxicity   Oxidative stress   Neurotoxicity   Condition index   Clam  

摘要： Monocrotophos (MCP) is a highly toxic and broad-spectrum pesticide extensively used for agricultural and household purposes. The present study was aimed to evaluate the genotoxicity and alterations in the biochemical and physiological conditions induced by monocrotophos in a non-target organism, an estuarine bivalve, Donax incarnatus. The bivalves were exposed to three sub-lethal concentrations (6.8, 13.7, and 27.45 ppm) of MCP for a period of 72 h. DNA damage was assessed using the comet assay. Oxidative stress was analyzed using catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase. Neurotoxicity was evaluated using the acetylcholinesterase assay (AChE) and the physiological condition was assessed using the condition index (CI). A significant concentration-dependent increase of DNA damage was observed as well as a decline in the activities of the antioxidant enzymes. However, a decrease in DNA damage was observed with advancing time. A significant decrease of AChE activity and CI was observed in the bivalves exposed to MCP. Positive correlations were also observed between DNA damage and the antioxidant enzymes whereas negative correlations were observed between AChE and the antioxidant enzymes indicating MCP toxicity mediated by oxidative stress.

摘要： The authors regret that at the bottom of 1st page, the sentence “Funding sources: Basic Science Research Programs (2018R1A2B6001276;2014R1A6A1030318) of the NRF and Korea Healthcare Technology R&D Project (HI18C0375) of the Ministry of Health” should be corrected as following: “Funding sources: This work was supported by the Korea Healthcare Technology R&D Project (HI18C0375) funded by the Ministry of Health”. The authors would like to apologise for any inconvenience caused. © 2021 Elsevier Inc.

关键词： prostate cancer   biochemical recurrence   DNA methylation   ADAMTS12   NAALAD2   PRKCB  

摘要： The molecular diversity of prostate cancer (PCa) has been demonstrated by recent genome-wide studies, proposing a significant number of different molecular markers. However, only a few of them have been transferred into clinical practice so far. The present study aimed to identify and validate novel DNA methylation biomarkers for PCa diagnosis and prognosis. Microarray-based methylome data of well-characterized cancerous and noncancerous prostate tissue (NPT) pairs was used for the initial screening. Ten protein-coding genes were selected for validation in a set of 151 PCa, 51 NPT, as well as 17 benign prostatic hyperplasia samples. The Prostate Cancer Dataset (PRAD) of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) was utilized for independent validation of our findings. Methylation frequencies of ADAMTS12, CCDC181, FILIP1L, NAALAD2, PRKCB, and ZMIZ1 were up to 91% in our study. PCa specific methylation of ADAMTS12, CCDC181, NAALAD2, and PRKCB was demonstrated by qualitative and quantitative means (all p < 0.05). In agreement with PRAD, promoter methylation of these four genes was associated with the transcript down-regulation in the Lithuanian cohort (all p < 0.05). Methylation of ADAMTS12, NAALAD2, and PRKCB was independently predictive for biochemical disease recurrence, while NAALAD2 and PRKCB increased the prognostic power of multivariate models (all p < 0.01). The present study identified methylation of ADAMTS12, NAALAD2, and PRKCB as novel diagnostic and prognostic PCa biomarkers that might guide treatment decisions in clinical practice.