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关键词： Annonaceae   Anti-hyperprolactinemia   Chlorpromazine   Prolactin   Tubule-alveolar   Uvaria chamae  

摘要： Ethnopharamcological relevance: The age-long folkloric use of Uvaria chamae roots in the management of nipple discharge that is not related to pregnancy, childbirth or nursing but as a result of excessive production of prolactin (hyperprolactinemia) is yet to be substantiated with scientific data. Aim of the study: This study investigated the anti-hyperprolactinemic activities of aqueous extract of Uvaria chamae roots (AEUCR) and associated biochemical changes in chlorpromazine (CPZ)-induced hyperprolactinemic female Wistar rats. Materials and methods: A total of sixty female rats (207.40 +/- 2.69 g) were assigned into 6 groups: A-F. Animals in Group A received 0.5 ml of distilled water only whilst the 7 days CPZ-treated female rats (to induce hyperprolactinemia) in groups B, C, D, E, and F also received distilled water, 2.5 mg/kg body weight of bromocriptine (reference drug), 0.71, 1.41 2.83 mg/kg body weight of AEUCR for 28 days. Results: AEUCR contained a total of 15 (75%) amino acids with seven (46.67%) being essential amino acids and eight (53.33%) as non-essential amino acids. Administration of CPZ increased (p < 0.05) the levels of prolactin and testosterone, and reduced (p < 0.05) the levels of estradiol, progesterone, follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), dopamine, triiodothymnine (T-3) and tetraiodothyroxine (T-4). Chlorpromazine also increased the levels of serum urea, creatinine, total protein, albumin, globulin, bilirubin, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) of the animals. In contrast, AEUCR significantly (p < 0.05) reduced the CPZ-induced increases in the levels of prolactin and testosterone, and increased the levels of CPZ-induced reduction in the progesterone, estradiol, FSH, LH, dopamine, T-3 and T-4. The AEUCR also reversed (p < 0.05) the CPZ-induced related increases in the levels of urea, creatinine, total protein, albumin, globulin, bilirubin, ALT, AST and ALP s

关键词： Wastewater treatment plant   Modeling   M5 model tree   Wastewater qualitative parameters   Artificial neural network   BIG DATA  

摘要： Controlling environmental factors are one way to prevent environmental degradation. Wastewater treatment plants are the systems that can help the health of the industry and the environment if they function properly. If monitoring and evaluation are not done on these systems, they can have environmental impacts. In these systems, bringing the product to the standard level can be interpreted as cleaner production. To reduce the costs of monitoring, wastewater treatment processes, mathematical, statistical, and other simulators should be used to manage wastewater treatment systems. Due to the complexity of biological processes and the advancement of database methods, the artificial neural network (ANN) and M5 model tree were used to model the biochemical oxygen demand in a water sample during the period of 5 days at a temperature of 20 degrees C to degrade the water contents aerobically (BOD5), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total suspended solids (TSS) parameters of wastewater effluents from the treatment plant. The data mining models (ANN, M5 model tree) were applied to the wastewater treatment plant of Ramin thermal power covering 3 years (2013e2015) daily dataset. The appropriate architecture of the ANN and M5 model tree was determined through several steps of training and testing of the models. Statistical indicators were used to evaluate the models and the uncertainty of the models was checked. Results showed that ANN (with the coefficient of determination equal to 0.95, 0.95, and 0.97 for BOD5, COD, and TSS, respectively) had better performance than M5 model tree (with the coefficient of determination of 0.88, 0.90, and 0.83 for BOD5, COD, and TSS, respectively). The M5 model tree is tool for describing and analyzing the range of data and expressing how they communicate with each other. Both models showed robustness, reliability, and high generalization capability. Hence, the data mining techniques (ANN and M5 model tree) can be successfully used for environmenta

关键词： Electrochemical analysis   Enzymatic derivatization and sensing   Functionalization   Sample pretreatment   Three-dimensional printing   ON-A-CHIP   ELECTROCHEMICAL SENSORS   ENZYME IMMOBILIZATION   ANALYTICAL-CHEMISTRY   3D   COLUMNS   EXTRACTION   GLUCOSE   NANOMATERIALS   REACTIONWARE  

摘要： Recent developments in three-dimensional printing (3DP) have attracted the attention of analytical scientists interested in fabricating 3D devices having promising geometric functions to achieve desirable analytical performance. To break through the barrier of limited availability of 3DP materials and to extend the chemical reactivity and functionalities of devices manufactured using conventional 3DP, new approaches are being developed for the functionalization of 3D-printed devices for chemical and biochemical analysis. This Review discusses recent advances in the chemical functionalization schemes used in the main 3DP technologies, including (i) post-printing modification and surface immobilization of reactive substances on printed materials, (ii) pre-printing incorporation of reactive substances into raw printing materials, and (iii) combinations of both strategies, and their effects on the selectivity and/ or sensitivity of related analytical methods. In addition, the state of the art of 3D-printed functionalized analytical devices for enzymatic derivatization and sensing, electrochemical sensing, and sample pretreatment applications are also reviewed, highlighting the importance of introducing new functional and functionalized materials to facilitate future 3DP-enabled manufacturing of multifunctional analytical devices. ? 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： Antidepressant activity   Chronic unpredictable mild stress   Protocatechuic acid   Mice neurobiochemical alterations   Oxidative stress   DEPRESSIVE-LIKE BEHAVIOR   ACUTE RESTRAINT STRESS   FORCED SWIMMING TEST   NEUROTROPHIC FACTOR   OXIDATIVE DAMAGE   BDNF EXPRESSION   IN-VITRO   BRAIN   CORTICOSTERONE   SILYMARIN  

摘要： Amelioration of oxidative stress via promoting the endogenous antioxidant system and enhancement of mono-amines in brain were the important underlying antidepressant mechanism of protocatechuic acid (PCA). The aim of the present study is to explore the potential antidepressant mechanism(s) PCA in chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) mice. Mice were subjected to CUMS protocol for 4 weeks, and administered with PCA (100 and 200 mg/kg) and fluoxetine (20 mg/kg) for 24 days (from day 8th to 31st). Behavioral (sucrose preference, immobility time, exploratory behavior), and biochemical alterations such as serum corticosterone, brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), inflammatory cytokines, tumor necrosis factor- alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and antioxidants parameters were investigated. Experimental findings revealed that CUMS subjected mice exhibited significant impairment in behavioral alterations, such as increased immobility time, impaired preference to the sucrose solution, BDNF levels and, serum corticosterone, cytokines, malondialdehyde (MDA) formation with impaired antioxidants in the hippocampus and cerebral cortex. Administration of PCA to CUMS mice attenuated the immobility time, serum corticosterone, cytokines TNF-alpha, and IL-6, MDA formation and improved sucrose preference, including restoration of BDNF level. Thus, the present findings demonstrated the antidepressant potential of PCA which is largely achieved probably through maintaining BDNF level, and by modulation of the oxidative stress response, cytokines systems, and antioxidant defense system in mice.

关键词： Schiffbases   Thiosemicarbazide   Cholinesterase   Enzyme inhibition   Molecular docking   TRANSITION-METAL-COMPLEXES   CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE   INHIBITORY PROPERTIES   ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY   CARBONIC-ANHYDRASE   DERIVATIVES   LACTOPEROXIDASE   SYSTEM   BUTYRYLCHOLINESTERASE   HYDRAZONE  

摘要： In this study, eight new Schiff base derivatives (2a-h) were synthesized and their inhibition activities against Acetylcholinesterase (AChE), Butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), alpha-Glucosidase and Lactoperoxidase (LPO) were investigated. Structures of the synthesized compounds were characterized using H-1 and C-13 nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), infrared spectroscopy (IR), and high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) spectroscopic methods. AChE was inhibited by these novel Schiff bases (2a-h) in low nanomolar levels, the K-i of which differed between 592.66 +/- 57.04 and 810.78 +/- 84.06 nM. Against BChE, the novel compounds demonstrated Kis varying from 358.31 +/- 37.88 to 577.24 +/- 59.91 nM. Also, these novel Schiff bases effectively inhibited alpha-glucosidase, with K-i values in the range of 1.56 +/- 0.32 to 14.78 +/- 2.57 nM. For LPO, K-i values were in the range of 3.96 +/- 0.37 to 12.75 +/- 0.06 nM. For alpha-glucosidase, the most effective molecules were 2b and 2 g with K-i values of 1.56 +/- 0.32 and 14.78 +/- 2.57 nM, respectively. Molecular docking results showed that the compounds have binding affinity with -5.559,-9.698, -7.606, and -6.971 kcal/mol against LPO, AChE, BChE, and alpha-glucosidase enzyme, respectively. It has been observed that the furan and thiosemicarbazone moieties play an important role in the inhibition of these enzymes. (C) 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： 食品工程原理   工程教育认证   教学设计  

摘要： 针对工程教育认证背景对食品工程原理的教学要求,通过分析并设计课程性质、课程目标、教学目标和教学方法,使学生掌握食品单元操作过程和理论,同时具备工程问题分析的逻辑思维方式和科学研究素养,最终体现该课程以学生为中心、以产出为导向并持续改进的教学理念。

关键词： 课程思政   探索   应用  

摘要： 本文以《食品工程原理》课程为例,从课程整体设计和具体知识点思政元素挖掘应用,课内课外教学各个环节思政元素的发现与应用,进行工科课程中思政元素的挖掘与应用探索,使课程思政和思政课程同向同行,达到润物细无声的育人效果。

关键词： 新工科   食品生物化学   教学改革   研究  

摘要： “新工科”背景下教育更应注重创新化、系统化、和开放化。食品生物化学作为食品专业最为基础课程之一,综合性强,涉及到有机化学、无机化学和生物技术等领域,但知识点多,课时少,工程元素不够突出,现有的教学内容和教学模式已经无法满足新工科背景下对人才培养的需求。通过教学内容、教学模式和考核方式的改革,培养学生学习兴趣,提升学生专业素养,培养学生工程思维,为食品行业培养全面发展的高素质人才。