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关键词： 食品营养学   传统教学   网络APP教学   综合评价  

摘要： 在不同时期,采用传统教学、网络APP教学及传统教学+网络APP结合的多元化教学模式进行理论教学改革。探索不同教学模式的实际教学效果情况,从而充分发挥教师的主导和学生的主体作用,培养社会需求的高素质的食品专业人才。通过综合考试结果表明,传统教学+网络APP结合的多元化教学模式效果更好,能更有效指导理论课程教学。

关键词： 食品微生物学教学   地方高校   考核方式  

摘要： 为了提升食品微生物学教学效果,文章以文山学院为例,首先阐述了地方高校食品微生物学教学现状,然后提出了地方高校食品微生物学教学对策,包括教学方法改进和考核方式改进两方面。

关键词： 中医药文化   思政教学   食品化学  

摘要： 为适应社会发展对食品专业人才的需求情况,结合自身教学实际,对食品化学课程进行了教学改革,逐步融入中医药文化。从研究背景、研究方案、特色创新、成果成效、应用前景等方面论述了新教学模式的探索模式,发现学生对于《食品化学》课程表现出了更加强烈的兴趣与热情,此模式还需要在不断改进中继续努力,以致力于培养更优秀的食品专业人才。

关键词： 质谱技术   串联质谱   翻译后修饰   生物化学  

摘要： 随着质谱技术的不断发展,质谱技术已经被广泛应用于化学、材料、生命科学等众多领域,特别是其在生物化学与化学生物学领域的应用极大扩展了研究人员对于蛋白质翻译后修饰的认知。本文从基本的质谱原理入手,着重探讨了质谱技术在以组蛋白为模式蛋白的赖氨酸翻译后修饰的发现过程,并展示如何将基础有机化学和生物化学知识融入前沿科学研究。本文通过梳理不同的研究逻辑下质谱技术在蛋白翻译后修饰的研究中发挥的作用,旨在引导学生建立起将基础教学内容与实际应用相联系的意识及思维模式。

关键词： 研究性教学   创新型人才   细胞生物化学   教学改革  

摘要： 《细胞生物化学》课程是以生物化学和细胞功能调控为基础,特别强调理论联系实际研究的一门专业必修课程。以《细胞生物化学》课程为载体,从教学内容、教学方法及考核手段等多方面进行优化,并加入研究实例分析、翻转课堂和课题研讨等环节,开展研究性教学模式的改革和探索,旨在养成学生主动学习、积极思考、勤于动手的习惯和能力,亦为培养具有创新性思维及解决实际问题能力的生物化学科研人才提供思路和借鉴。

关键词： Ammonium   n-caproate   Lactate   Chain elongation   Food waste  

摘要： Ammonium accumulation is inevitable during the fermentation of food waste (FW), challenging the application of chain elongation process upgrading FW into the high-value biochemical n-caproate, which is a medium chain carboxylate. This study is the first to investigate ammonium inhibition of lactate-driven chain elongation process. The short-term exposure of a Clostridium IV-dominated chain elongating reactor microbiome at an ammonium concentration of 1-4 g L-1 linearly decreased n-caproate production by 25-80%. High levels of ammonium (>= 5 g L-1) could cause failure of chain elongation, shifting the product from n-caproate to propionate. The involved mechanisms revealed that ammonium reshaped the microbial community from Clostridium IV domination to Clostridium IV and Propionibacterium co-domination (based on 16S rRNA sequencing) and reduced the activities of key enzymes involved in the reversed beta-oxidization pathway. We propose an effective strategy from our study, which is the first one to do in our knowledge, to upgrade raw MT without dilution to n-caproate: lowering the ammonium accumulation to 1.0 g L-1 at the setup phase for adaptation and prolonging the hydraulic retention time (10 days) during the operation phase for the colonization of chain-elongation bacteria. These findings lay a foundation for the implementation of the LCE process on FW, providing an alternative way to alleviate the global MW crisis. (C) 2021 Published by Elsevier Ltd.

关键词： Scalding duration   Brine-type cheese   Chemical composition   Texture   Microstructure  

摘要： The effects of curd scalding duration on chemical, biochemical, color, textural, microstructural and sensorial characteristics of a brine-type cheese were examined. The cheeses that were characterized by the scalding of curd in hot whey (60 degrees C) and brining in whey were manufactured from raw cows' milk and the curds were scalded for 10, 20 or 30 min. Regardless of cheese ripening time, increased scalding duration resulted in decreased moisture, titratable acidity, lactic acid, ethanol, whitening index and h degrees values. The images obtained by scanning electron microscopy of the cheeses were clearly different each other. At the end of ripening, cheeses from curds scalded for up to 20 min had the highest water-soluble nitrogen, 2-phenylethyl acetate, acetic acid, chewiness, gumminess and hardness levels, and overall acceptability scores. In conclusion, scalding of curd in whey up to 20 min at 60 degrees C gave satisfactory results in terms of quality parameters of the present cheeses.

关键词： Antioxidant capacity   Glomus mosseae   Leaf elements   Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria   Polyunsaturated fatty acid   Vermicompost  

摘要： Appropriate soil conditions as a cultural practice are the basis of medicinal plant production. The experiment was carried out to investigate the effect of NPK, vermicompost (VC), Pseudomonas fluorescens (PF), Azotobacter chroococcum (AC), Azospirillum brasilense (AB), Glomus mosseae (AMF) on plant weight, antioxidant capacity and fatty acid (FA) profile of seed oil, and leaf nutrients of black cumin (Nigella sativa Linn) in 2018 and 2019. The results showed that dry weight in plants treated with VC (24.9 g and 28.8 g) or in AMF-inoculated plants (23.4 g and 27.8 g) was significantly higher compared with other treatments in 2018 and 2019, respectively. The highest (1.34 mg gallic acid (GA) g-1 oil) total phenolic content (TPC) and DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) scavenging activity (86.8 %) was observed in plants treated with VC, and followed by AMF. The main fatty acid component was linoleic acid (51.92?55.46 %), followed by oleic acid (22.6?24.5 %) and palmitic acid (13.24?16.27 %). The saturated fatty acid (SFA) under NPK application (23.39 % and 24.21 % in 2018 and 2019) was higher than other experimental treatments. Monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) concentration in plants inoculated with AMF (25.15 % and 25.41 % in 2018 and 2019, respectively) or supplied with AB and PF was greater. The seed oil of black cumin contained the significant level of polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA), which its highest content was obtained at in plants treated with VC as 55.74 % and 55.79 % in 2018 and 2019, respectively. Sustainable agricultural practices are required to increase ecofriendly performance, by using soil micro-organisms, conserving the natural resource base for improved medicinal plant cultivation.

关键词： Zirconia   Laser patterning   Surface functionalization   Peptides   Osteointegration  

摘要： A dual approach employing peptidic biofunctionalization and laser micro-patterns on dental zirconia was explored, with the aim of providing a flexible tool to improve tissue integration of restorations. Direct laser interference patterning with a femtosecond Ti:Sapphire laser was employed, and two periodic grooved patterns were produced with a periodicity of 3 and 10 mu m. A platform containing the cell-adhesive RGD and the osteogenic DWIVA peptides was used to functionalize the grooved surfaces. Topography and surface damage were characterized by confocal laser scanning (CLSM), scanning electron and scanning transmission electron microscopy techniques. The surface patterns exhibited a high homogeneity and subsurface damage was found in the form of nano-cracks and nano-pores, at the bottom of the valleys. Accelerated tests in water steam were carried out to assess hydrothermal degradation resistance, which slightly decreased after the laser treatment. Interestingly, the detrimental effects of the laser modification were reverted by a post-laser thermal treatment. The attachment of the molecule was verified trough fluorescence CLSM and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Finally, the biological properties of the surfaces were studied in human mesenchymal stem cells. Cell adhesion, morphology, migration and differentiation were investigated. Cells on grooved surfaces displayed an elongated morphology and aligned along the patterns. On these surfaces, migration was greatly enhanced along the grooves, but also highly restricted in the perpendicular direction as compared to flat specimens. After biofunctionalization, cell number and cell area increased and well-developed cell cytoskeletons were observed. However, no effects on cell migration were found for the peptidic platform. Although some osteogenic potential was found in specimens grooved with a periodicity of 10 mu m, the largest effects were observed from the biomolecule, which favored upregulation of several genes

关键词： Photonic crystal fiber (PCF)   Biosensor   Wavelength sensitivity (WS)   Amplitude sensitivity (AS)   Figure of merits (FOM)  

摘要： We present a simple, unique, and highly sensitive surface plasmon resonance (SPR)-based photonic crystal fiber (PCF) biosensor. Besides having very high sensitivity, our proposed sensor is also fabrication friendly. The finite element method (FEM) of COMSOL 5.3a was utilized to devise the sensor's structure and analyze the impact of changing geometric parameters on this biosensor's overall performance. Gold (Au) or AZO (aluminum-doped zinc oxide) can be utilized to create excitation between the two modes (core and plasmonic). We have tried to vary different parameters of the PCF, and we observed in simulation results a very high amplitude sensitivity (AS) of 4358.09 RIU-1, maximum wavelength sensitivity (WS) of 21,000 nm/RIU (refractive index unit), a high figure of merits (FOM) of 729 with a sensor resolution of 4.76 x 10(-6) RIU and 2.29 x 10(-6) RIU for wavelength, and amplitude respectively when gold was utilized as the plasmonic material. Replacing gold by AZO resulted in the corresponding values of 3908 RIU-1, 1700 nm/RIU, 792, 5.88 x 10(-5) RIU, and 2.56 x 10(-6) RIU. Analyte refractive index (RI) ranges between 1.33-1.42 for gold and 1.31-1.39 for AZO. We believe the high performance of our proposed SPR based PCF biosensor in terms of sensitivity will bring a promising advancement in the field of unknown analyte detection and biological organic chemicals.