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关键词： Wearable   Biosensor   Sweat   Epidermal   Multiplexed systems   BODY-TEMPERATURE VARIABILITY   HUMAN ECCRINE SWEAT   SENSOR   GLUCOSE   SKIN   PHOTOPLETHYSMOGRAPHY   DEHYDRATION   CHALLENGES   PLATFORM   PATCH  

摘要： Advances in materials, bio-recognition elements, transducers, and microfabrication techniques, as well as progress in electronics, signal processing, and wireless communication have generated a new class of skininterfaced wearable health monitoring systems for applications in personalized medicine and digital health. In comparison to conventional medical devices, these wearable systems are at the cusp of initiating a new era of longitudinal and noninvasive sensing for the prevention, detection, diagnosis, and treatment of diseases at the molecular level. Herein, we provide a review of recent developments in wearable biochemical and biophysical systems. We survey the sweat sampling and collection methods for biochemical systems, followed by an assessment of biochemical and biophysical sensors deployed in current wearable systems with an emphasis on their hardware specifications. Specifically, we address how sweat collection and sample handling platforms may be a rate limiting technology to realizing the clinical translation of wearable health monitoring systems; moreover, we highlight the importance of achieving both longitudinal sensing and assessment of intrapersonal variation in sweat-blood correlations to have the greatest clinical impact. Lastly, we assess a snapshot of integrated wireless wearable systems with multimodal sensing capabilities, and we conclude with our perspective on the state-of-the-art and the required developments to achieve the next-generation of integrated wearable health and performance monitoring systems.

关键词： Growth promoter   Ghrelin   Blood biochemistry   Herbal extract   Sturgeon   ALOE-VERA EXTRACT   HEMATOLOGICAL PARAMETERS   FISH HEMATOLOGY   ANTIOXIDANT   L.   AQUACULTURE   STRESS   NANOPARTICLES   HYBRID   CELLS  

摘要： In this study, barberry fruit extract (BFE) was used as an herbal feed additive at 0 (control), 150, 300, 600, and 750 mg/kg to evaluate growth performance, physiometabolic responses, and gene expression related to growth and appetite in Siberian sturgeon. The fish (N = 150; 29.7 +/- 2.2 g) were fed with the experimental diets for 56 days. Upon the completion of the feeding trial, the fish fed with BFE at 750 mg/kg showed higher growth indices than the control fish and the lowest feed conversion ratio (P < 0.05). The highest levels of red blood cell, hemoglobin, and hematocrit were observed in the group fed with 750 mg/kg BFE (P 0.05). Different dietary levels of BFE had no significant effect on the levels of alkaline phosphatase and alanine aminotransferase in the serum samples (P 0.05), while a decreasing trend was seen in aspartate aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, glucose, and triglyceride contents by increasing in the dietary levels of BFE. The activities of lipase, amylase, and protease in the BFE-added groups were higher than the control group (P < 0.05). The highest expression of growth hormone gene was recorded in 600 and 750 mg/kg BFE treatments (P < 0.05). The transcription of insulin-like growth factor-I gene was significantly up-regulated in 750 mg/kg BFE treatment compared to others (P < 0.05). Ghrelin gene expression was significantly elevated in both brain and stomach tissue samples by increasing dietary levels of BFE. Overall, dietary BFE markedly at 750 mg/kg exerts growthpromoting effects in Siberian sturgeon.

关键词： 生物化学   科学性   典型错误   释疑  

摘要： 生物化学(以下简称"生化")作为生命科学中最重要的一门基础专业课程,与其他所有自然科学课程一样,教师在教学时最重要的一点是保证所讲授的知识和内容的科学性,避免向学生传递任何科学性的错误,否则必然会导致以讹传讹。笔者在多年的生化教学实践中,一直以科学性为先,但很遗憾地发现一些同行在教学中却犯了一些科学性错误,这让学生很茫然。这些错误可能来自某些教材,也可能来自网络,还可能就来自授课者之前的老师。下面我想集中介绍我接触过的生化中多个典型的科学性错误,并进行剖析,希望将来同行中不再有人犯这些错误。

关键词： 疫情防控   食品微生物学   教学改革   在线教学工具   “Blackboard”平台   翻转课堂   实践实训  

摘要： 在新冠疫情防控背景下,食品微生物学作为食品科学类学科的重要基础课程,传统教学模式已无法满足当前学院"新工科"人才培养理念。在线教学工具的出现推动了食品微生物学课程教学改革,充分调动学生学习积极性,因而笔者的教学团队利用"Blackboard"平台和雨课堂,构建"线上自主学习+线下实践检验"教学模式,优化教学内容,将科研资源融入课堂教学,增加实践实训与翻转课堂的比例,通过"全过程考核"方式,充分提升学生对课程知识的理解能力、创新能力和实践能力。

关键词： 结构生物化学   ATP合酶   教学技巧  

摘要： 结构生物化学是生物化学教学的难点和重点,如何激发学生学习兴趣和教好结构生物化学一直是教师探索的问题。ATP合酶是结构生物化学教学的最好范例。本文将以ATP合酶为例,介绍如何结合原理剖析、问题设置、课件制作等方法来把枯燥乏味的结构生物化学更加形象、生动地展现给学生。此外,通过介绍ATP合酶合成ATP过程密切相关的疾病或应用,实现医学生培养过程中基础课程与临床知识的有机整合。

关键词： 科教融合   我国高等教育   教学方法   教学活动   教学实践   教学内容的创新   发展的趋势   征稿启事  

摘要： 科教融合是当前我国高等教育发展的趋势,较多的高校和研究机构已经在科教融合的模式和教学实践方面进行了探索。提倡高水平科学家参与教学活动,教学方法和教学内容的创新,是科教融合推进中的重要内容之一。

关键词： 医学检验技术   生物化学活页   教材   建设  

摘要： 生物化学检验与临床检验基础为医学检验技术专业的核心课程,根据医学检验技术专业的学情、岗位需求以及人才培养目标,还需不断优化生物化学课程的教学内容,以培养符合一线需求的高技能专业人才。近年来,诸多院校倡导灵活运用新型活页教材对于提高教育针对性具有重要价值,但对于生物化学课程而言,活页式教材还处于探索阶段,本文对医学检验技术专业生物化学活页式教材的建设进行了综述。

关键词： 生物化学   角色扮演   寓教于乐   教学改革  

摘要： 生物化学是高等学校生物学、医学等专业的基础必修课程,具有概念抽象、代谢途径错综复杂、内容枯燥等特点。如何提高学生学习的积极性是生物化学课堂改革亟需解决的问题。笔者在生物化学课堂中引入角色扮演教学法,由学生扮演不同的反应物质,借助简单的道具将物质变化的过程通过游戏的方式表演出来,不仅可以提高学生学习的积极性,促进学生对知识的理解和记忆,还可以活跃课堂氛围,达到寓教于乐的目的。笔者在课堂中进行角色扮演教学的实例主要有:氨基酸缩合为多肽、酶的邻近效应与定向排列、氧化磷酸化、RNA剪接、多肽链的生物合成。本文将介绍角色扮演教学的详细过程,并提出笔者在实施过程中的一些思考和建议,希望能对同行教师起到一定参考作用。

关键词： PBL教学法   LBL教学法   医学留学生   生物化学   教学改革  

摘要： 生物化学是临床医学专业留学生一门重要的医学基础课。为了优化医学留学生生物化学教学过程,并就教学效果进行评价,本文对临床医学专业留学生按班级随机分为传统LBL(lecture-basedlearning)教学法对照组和PBL(Problem-basedlearning)教学法实验组进行探索研究。采用期末考试成绩和问卷调查进行统计分析发现,实验组学生成绩明显优于对照组。PBL教学法能提高学生学习兴趣,有效提高课堂教学质量。