关键词：
资本
私有财产
异化劳动
共产主义
《1844年经济学哲学手稿》
摘要：
以私有财产为切入点,基于《1844年经济学哲学手稿》,从资本的角度出发对私有财产进行深刻的批判。首先,先阐释了劳动作为资本主体本质,而资本是私有财产的客观形式,体现了财产关系的集中化和积累过程。其次,资本的统治逻辑体现在劳动与资本之间的矛盾运动,通过对劳动的剥削和支配实现资本的增值。最后,对作为资本的私有财产的批判,意在探索扬弃私有财产的新道路,旨在构建一个超越私有财产的社会结构,实现真正的社会解放和人的全面发展。马克思也实现了其哲学任务的最终转向——政治经济学的批判。《手稿》为实现共产主义提供了深刻的理论依据。Taking private property as the starting point, based on the Economic and Philosophical Manuscripts of 1844, this article deeply criticizes private property from the perspective of capital. Firstly, the essence of labor as the subject of capital was explained, and capital is the objective form of private property, reflecting the centralization and accumulation of property relations. Secondly, the ruling logic of capital is reflected in the contradictory movement between labor and capital, achieving capital appreciation through the exploitation and domination of labor. Finally, the criticism of private property as capital aims to explore a new path of abandoning private property, constructing a social structure that transcends private property, and achieving true social liberation and comprehensive human development. Marx also achieved the ultimate turn of his philosophical task—the critique of political economy. The manuscript provides a profound theoretical basis for the realization of communism.
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