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关键词： 历史文化名城   公共设施设计   湖州  

摘要： 历史文化名城公共设施的建设与发展,对于提高历史文化名城的人文艺术品格、构建城市特色、提高城市知名度、优化市民精神文化品质、拓展社会整体审美理念、增强公众社会意识、强化社会公众福利事业有着不可替代的现实意义和社会价值.文章将公共设施系统进行了梳理,阐述了历史文化名城公共设施设计的重要性与特殊性,通过对湖州城市公共设施的现场调查,分析了湖州城市公共设施设计的现状,并提出了相应的对策,以此为历史文化名城公共设施设计提供可行性方案.

关键词： 住宅建筑设计   空间组合   户型配置  

摘要： 空间组合与户型配置是住宅建筑设计中的重要内容,对于住宅建筑设计水平的提高有着重要意义。主要从住宅建筑空间组合设计需要遵循的原则分析入手,具体介绍在住宅建筑空间组合和户型配置中需要注意的问题。

关键词： 装配式建筑   住宅   标准化  

摘要： 本文概括总结了国内装配式建筑从20世纪50年代至今的发展历程,分析了装配式建筑的特点和优势,即五化合一:标准化设计、工业化生产、装配化施工、一体化装修、信息化管理。以笔者所参与项目北京城市副中心职工周转房实际项目为例,介绍项目特点、装配式的应用及项目推进思路,并结合其它装配式住宅项目的实际设计及施工情况,探讨装配式在住宅建筑项目中的应用特点,指出目前装配式住宅设计过程中存在的问题。文末从设计和建造、技术和管理的整体角度对装配式建筑的发展进行思考,提出提高设计标准化水平、优化设计施工流程、提高信息化技术管理对装配式建筑推行的必要性。

关键词： Agent-based simulation   computer-aided design   crowd disaster   Shanghai Bund waterfront   urban public space  

摘要： With growing city density and mass gatherings held all over the world in urban spaces, crowd disasters have been happening each year. In considering the avoidance of crowd disasters and the reduction of fatalities, it is important to analyze the efficient spatial layout of the public space in situations of high crowd density. Compared with traditional empirical design methods, computational approaches have better abilities for quantitative analysis and are gradually being adopted in the planning and management of the urban public space. In this paper, we investigated the official documents, publicly available videos, and materials of the Shanghai waterfront crowd disaster which happened on December 31, 2014. Based on the investigation, a detailed site survey was conducted and pedestrian flow data were acquired. To test the influence of different spatial layouts, an agent-based simulator is built, following the ASPFver4.0 (Agent Simulator of Pedestrian Flow) pedestrian walking rules. With the surveyed pedestrian flow data, the original spatial layout of the Shanghai Bund waterfront together with five other comparison scenarios are tested, including both space design and crowd management improvements. In the simulation results, the efficiencies of different space design and crowd management solutions are compared. The results show that even simple crowd control measures such as capacity reserve and more proper route planning will allow for a positive improvement in crowd safety. The results also compare the efficiency of different spatial operations and give general suggestions to the problems urban public space designers should consider in high-density environments.