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关键词： 设备管理   全寿命周期   仪控   数字化   核电厂  

摘要： 在梳理总结核电厂数字化仪控设备管理特点、要求及面临问题的基础上,提出了仪控设备全寿命周期管理理念,具体阐述了该理念在设备选型、采购、安装调试、运行维护、备件仓储、退役报废等各个阶段的管理应用和实践。

关键词： 道路建设项目   工程物资管理   甲供甲控物资设备   物资设备管理   国际市场竞争力   经济效益最大化   一带一路   施工物资设备  

摘要： 随着"一带一路"战略的实施,加强海外道路建设项目管理不仅是提升我国国际市场竞争力的重要举措,也是实现经济效益最大化的关键途径。做好物资设备管理是海外道路项目建设的基础工作,甲供甲控物资设备的管理尤为重要。由于海外工程施工环境复杂,施工物资设备管理难度高,因此结合多年工作实践,立足于海外工程物资管理视角剖析加强甲供甲控物资设备管理的具体对策,以此为今后工作提供实践参照。

关键词： 轨道交通   RAMS   FRACAS  

摘要： 建立FRACAS的工作流程并应用在轨道交通设备管理中。根据FRACAS实施中存在的问题提出解决方案,为提升产品的RAMS指标指明方向。

关键词： Driver distraction   CapsNet   Dynamic routing   Posture classification  

摘要： With the onset of the new technological age, the distractions caused due to handheld devices have been a major cause of traffic accidents as they affect the decision-making capabilities of the driver and give them less time to react to difficult situations. Often drivers try to multitask which reduces their reaction time leading to accidents which could have been easily avoided if they had been attentive. As such problems are related to the driver's negligence toward safety, a possible solution is to monitor driver's behavior and notify if they are distracted. We propose a CapsNet-based approach for detecting the distracted driver which is a novel approach. The proposed method scores perform well on the real-world environment inputs when compared to other famous methods used for the same. Our proposed methods get high scores for all the most commonly used metrics for classification. On the testing set, the proposed method gets an accuracy of 0.90, 0.92 as precision score, 0.90 as recall score and 0.91 as F-measure.

关键词： Crossing collisions   Driver support system   Driving simulator   Bicycle   Intersection   BEHAVIOR   CYCLISTS   SAFETY  

摘要： The incidence of traffic accidents in Japan has been decreasing annually. Nineteen percent of all accidents involve bicycles, with 51 % of these accidents being at road crossing intersections. Therefore, to reduce the number of accidents, this study analyses driving and cycling characteristics and proposes suitable collisions prevention methods. First, the study measured traffic environment variables using video cameras at a target nonsignalized intersection and analyzed the speed and time to intersection of bicycles and motor vehicles. Thus, 47 dangerous situations were observed via the video analysis, and most of these situations occurred when the vehicle's time to intersection ranged from 0.50 to 0.75 s and the bicycle's speed ranged from 2.0-3.0 m/s. Second, using the results of video camera analysis as experimental parameters (e.g., the speed and timing of the presence of the bicycle), this study conducted an experiment with a driving simulator to investigate the effect of warning drivers about the risk of collision. A driver support system was then utilized to provide acoustic and optical warnings to drivers. The experiments revealed that the motor vehicle time to the anticipated collision point (VTTC) increased with the use of a driver support system. Significant differences between experiments with and without driver support systems were observed when the calculated time between the bicycle and the motor vehicle was 0.25 and 0.50 s. Therefore, when the calculated time was 0.25 and 0.50 s, a driver support system, indicating the presence of a bicycle, was effective in preventing an intersection collision.

关键词： Energy optimization   Storage management   Calculus of variations   Karush-Kuhn-Tucker conditions   DEMAND RESPONSE   SYSTEM   COST   ALGORITHMS   HOUSEHOLDS   OPERATION   DISPATCH   NETWORK  

摘要： A framework to optimize energy utilization through battery management in a cooperative environment is proposed. Participating households share access to a community-owned energy farm and are equipped with lossy rechargeable batteries. The proposed optimization framework aims to minimize energy expenditure while accounting for time-and location-dependent electricity prices. The battery discharging schedules are optimized by using elements of calculus of variations and optimal control theory. The energy allocation policy is designed by solving an optimization problem through Lagrange Multipliers. Continuous-time optimization techniques are used to provide explicit solutions to the mathematical problems and determine closed-form performance estimates. The derived analytical expressions can be used to reduce the computational complexity of existing strategies, size energy storage systems, estimate performance bounds, and gain relevant insights. Extensive simulations are presented to validate the theoretical analysis and evaluate the impact of different system parameters. Specifically, cost savings are assessed as a function of discharging efficiency rates and nominal output power. It is shown that higher efficiency rates in battery operations lead to an increased price-selectivity of the proposed algorithm. (c) 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： Child sexual abuse   Violence against children   Child survivor of violence   Sexual violence   Case advocate   Lay workers  

摘要： Background: The uptake of and retention in health services by child survivors of violence (CSV) is a growing challenge, especially in sub-Saharan Africa. While lay health workers have been used in several settings to improve access to health services, there is limited literature on the use of such workers to support services for CSV. Objective: To explore the acceptability of using trained lay health workers (case advocates) to provide basic information and escort CSV to various referral points within two public health facilities in Kenya. Participants: The following participants were enrolled after giving their consent: CSV 14-18 years of age presenting for services along with their caregivers during the study; caregivers above age 18; and healthcare providers (HCPs) providing services for sexual violence at the two study sites. Methods: In-depth interviews (14 with CSV and 27 with caregivers) and four focus group discussions (with 30 HCPs) were conducted. Data were transcribed in MSWord and analysed using a grounded theory analytical approach. Results: Caregivers and CSV reported that the case advocates were useful in fast-tracking access to services, easing CSV movement through health facilities and helping CSV communicate their issues. HCPs reported improved timeliness and completeness of services due to the involvement of the case advocates. Conclusion: The use of case advocates to support CSV is acceptable to children, caregivers and HCPs. Task-sharing between case advocates and HCPs has the potential to improve the uptake of the various services offered to CSV, especially in resource-limited settings.

关键词： Advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS)   Mobile edge computing (MEC)   Vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) communication   LTE-V2I   eV2X   VEHICLE DETECTION   TRACKING   LOOKING  

摘要： Collision avoidance systems are of great importance in advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) to increase the level of safety. However, as a result of their excessive costs, are not considered as a feature in lower-end vehicles. The concept of vehicular communication has emerged recently and added a new dimension for promoting safety in automotive. In this paper, the opportunities for implementation of the cost-effective ADAS through next generation of vehicular communication are discussed. A conceptual model for a vision-based driver assistance system based on collaborative mobile edge computing (MEC) is proposed. Cloudlets are the edges of the 5G cellular network and are capable of providing MEC solutions to their connected devices. The proposed system monitors the vehicles driving in front of an ego car and notifies the driver upon detecting hazardous conditions caused by other vehicles movements. This system can be employed as a cost-effective driver assistance system and has the potential to reach the mass market and be used in all ranges of vehicles including the lower-end models.

关键词： Ecotourism   Ethiopia   Lake Wanchi   Social-ecological   Wanchi Mountain   Watershed management   DISTRICT   BASIN  

摘要： Land-use and land-cover (LULC) changes have been recognized universally as fundamental constituents of global biodiversity and ecosystem services change driver. The objectives of this study were analyzing the spatial and temporal LULC dynamics over the past 44 years and identifying the major drivers of these changes. It was conducted in the central highlands of Ethiopia at the social-ecological Lake Wanchi watershed. The study triangulated data from Landsat images of four different time series, ground verifications, focus group discussions, key informants interview, and quantitative analytical approach. The Landsat imageries were processed and analyzed using ArcGIS 10.3 software. Supervised classification was executed using the maximum likelihood technique. The non-quantifiable data were analyzed using qualitative descriptions and the quantitative analytical approach was used to rank the degree of LULC change drivers. About 62% of the land area in the study watershed experienced LULC conversions. Wetlands, forest-cover, shrub-cover, and water body converted (declined) annually at a rate of 3.3%, 1.4%, 1.3% and 0.6%, respectively. Croplands, bare lands, agroforestry, and settlements, expanded annually at the rate of 10.2%, 5.7%, 2.6% and 2.1%, respectively. Agricultural activities, wood extraction, settlement expansion, and infrastructure constructions were proximate LULC change drivers, while, demographic changes, community conflict, and land tenure policy were the underlying change drivers. To mitigate the rapid LULC changes and safeguard the social-ecological benefits at the local watershed and distant downstream systems of Lake Wanchi, rehabilitation of the watershed specifically, the natural vegetation covers and environmentally sensitive areas, through the application of integrated watershed management strategies is critically important.

关键词： Gaze detection   ADAS   ESVIR   FPGA   FC neural networks   TRACKING   EYE  

摘要： The performance of driver gaze detection by video-based eye-tracking often encounters problems in lowcomputing speed, high-power consumption, and installation space constraints inside the vehicle. In this paper, we present an eye-tracking system that uses a single field-programmable-gate-array chip to overcome the aforementioned problems. In the detection system, the image quality is 640x480 pixels with an 80 fps frame rate. Eye feature extraction is conducted using the enhanced semantics-based vague image representation approach. A succinct fully-connected neural network is then employed to classify various directions of sightline. Our experimental results exhibited a noticeable recognition speed at 0.52 mu s using a 100 MHz system clock and had an average detection rate of 92%.