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关键词： Bilirubin oxidation end products   Subarachnoid hemorrhage   Hypoxia   Neuron   Apoptosis   SUBARACHNOID HEMORRHAGE   BRAIN-INJURY   CEREBRAL VASOSPASM   MTOR   DEGRADATION   MECHANISMS   CASPASES   BOXES  

摘要： Bilirubin oxidation end products (BOXes) are associated with the late-developing neurological deficits after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) possibly by direct constricting the cerebral arteries, but their specific impacts on neurons especially in the state of hypoxia, a prominent feature during the late stage of SAH, remain unclear. Here, we explored the effects of BOXes on the primary cortical neurons subjected to CoCl2-induced hypoxia by evaluating the morphological and apoptotic changes of neurons. The present study showed that Z-BOX B but not Z-BOX A greatly alleviated CoCl2-induced neuronal cell deterioration and apoptosis. Immunocytochemical staining assay showed Z-BOX B significantly increased neurite length, the numbers of both secondary and tertiary branches, and the protein level of Synaptophysin. Caspase 3/7 apoptosis assay and DAPI staining showed that Z-BOX B markedly reduced primary cortical neurons apoptosis. The expression of cleaved Caspase-3 was suppressed by Z-BOX B treatment, while the expression of Bcl-xL was upregulated. To further discover the mechanism of the neuroprotective effect observed in Z-BOX B, we found Z-BOX B increased the expression of p-mTOR, pAkt, and p-p70S6K. In general, our results implicated Z-BOX B may prevent CoCl2-induced primary cortical neurons apoptosis by activating sAkt/mTOR/p70S6K signaling pathway. Hence, the present data may provide new insights into the pathophysiological mechanism of delayed neurological dysfunction after SAH and novel targets for treating SAH. (C) 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

关键词： 屋顶绿化   渗漏问题   基质   植物配置   养护管理  

摘要： 随着城市化的进程,城市内的建筑越来越密集,而屋顶花园的建造,不仅能优化空间、改善空气质量、营造局部小气候,还能丰富城市的绿化景观,很大程度上提高了城市的绿化面积.随着普及发展,更多的问题也出现在施工过程中亟待解决,因屋顶绿化一般楼层较高,其环境、气候等具有特殊性,在施工过程中很多细节一旦失误,将会使得补救十分为难,很多地方需要防微杜渐.所以把一些施工经验共同探讨,才能使将城市的屋顶绿化发展到一个更加成熟的水平.而北京地区,由于特殊的地理环境,对于屋顶花园的要求会有其特殊性,尤其是对于植物的选择,有一定的地域限制,但又与正常的地面栽植有所不同.本文从屋顶绿化施工中各个环节的施工注意事项和相关的工艺的角度,以及屋顶绿化植物的选择与养护管理等方面,重点分析屋顶绿化渗漏问题、基质选择、植物配置和后期养护管理问题,结合"长安九里示范区景观工程"施工的实例,提出一些方法和注意事项.希望能为北京地区更好的建设屋顶花园积累有用的经验和参考.

摘要： 黄昏时分,走在卢森堡的寂静街道上,一排典型欧式建筑中突然冒出一个与众不同者——它采用东南亚、广东和福建等多雨地区常见的骑楼形态,支撑骑楼的立柱竖在人行道中间.骑楼外墙铁艺招牌上的"翠亨村"三个大字瞬间吸引了我的目光.