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关键词： 测压管   观测数据   回归   渗漏   分析研究  

摘要： 测压管是观测大坝运行情况的重要设施。文章通过对鸭河口水库测压管观测数据资料的整理与选用,采用绘制大坝测压管水位过程线、大坝测压管位势过程线等对测压管水位进行了定性分析;通过库水位和相应的各坝基测压管水位选定的回归模型,建立一元线性回归数学方程,对测压管水位进行定量分析;并对坝基测压管水位进行分析和变化趋势预测,得到了相应的预报结果,为判断大坝安全运行提供了依据。

关键词： 库车坳陷   白垩系   流体包裹体   均一温度   成藏期次  

摘要： 以储层流体包裹体样品分析为基础,结合成岩史、埋藏史、生烃史、构造演化史,对库车前陆冲断带不同构造油气充注期次及成藏过程进行了研究,提出研究区油气充注具有多期性且不同构造油气充注具有明显差异,康村早中期（16.3-11 Ma）与康村晚期—库车早中期（11-3Ma）部分构造有少量原油和高成熟度油气充注,库车晚期—第四纪（3-0 Ma）全区天然气大规模强充注,为天然气成藏的主要时期.研究结果表明：气烃包裹体最为常见,在所有构造都有分布,液烃、气液烃包裹体仅部分构造发育.荧光观察显示液烃、气液烃包裹体呈黄色-黄绿色与蓝色-蓝白色荧光.共生盐水包裹体均一温度测试表明均一温度主峰数量与峰值在不同构造发生了变化,克拉有两个主峰温度（80-90℃,110-120℃）,大北有3个主峰温度（90-110℃,120-130℃,140-150℃）,克深有1个主峰温度（140-150℃）,第1个峰值温度由北向南逐渐提高.构造演化进一步揭示了油气充注上的差异受控于断层活动与圈闭形成的异步性,可以推测向南继续勘探仍能发现库车晚期—第四纪一期成藏的干气藏.

关键词： 饱和多孔介质   对流换热   流体密度   努塞尔数   实验台  

摘要： 以饱和多孔介质内流体流动、流体和固体传热为研究对象,考虑流体密度随温度变化,局部热平衡,引入Brinkman-Forchheimer的扩展Darcy模型进行修正,建立固体随机堆积饱和多孔介质自然对流数值模型,采用有限体积法计算.利用自主研制的两侧恒温差立方体多孔介质实验台,对数值模型进行实验验证.综合数值计算和实验结果表明:腔体内最大流速随温差和瑞利数Ra增大而增大,且最大流速出现在高低温壁面附近;随着Ra增大,温度等值线由近似于平行于高低温壁面变为近似垂直于高低温壁面;高温壁面上Nu从上至下呈线性增加趋势;高温壁面Nu随Ra增大而增大,当Ra<102时,Nu维持在12以内;当102106,Nu增加速率很小.

关键词： 变质煤   动态行为   临界表面张力   动态接触角   表面活性剂  

摘要： 为研究不同变质程度煤表面动态行为和临界表面张力,利用悬滴法恒温27℃测试不同浓度下的烷基糖苷(APG)溶液表面张力,以及利用躺滴法动态连续跟踪测量模式研究不同浓度下的APG溶液在煤表面接触角随时间的变化情况。研究结果表明:水在煤表面形成接触角较大,且接触角变化不明显;随着APG溶液浓度的增大,溶液在煤表面形成的接触角变小,同时接触角的变化幅度也在增大,当APG溶液浓度超过临界胶束浓度时,接触角进一步减小,但变化幅度减小;接触角余弦值与临界表面张力的相关性显著,且呈负相关关系;随着煤样变质程度的提高,临界表面张力先减小后增大。

关键词： 数值模拟   方腔流动   涡量流函数   有限容积法  

摘要： 通过对涡量控制方程进行无量纲化推导和离散,用联合迭代方法求解二维方腔流动这一不可压缩黏性典型流动的解析解.基于Matlab编程,采用涡量流函数法求解二维方腔流动,计算采用有限体积算法,对流项采用QUICK格式,扩散项采用二阶中心差分格式,并采用延迟修正技术的离散格式对该问题进行数值求解,得到流动达到稳定状态时各物理量的分布.

关键词： 水力计算   流速   Excel   排水管道  

摘要： 介绍了排水管渠的水力计算公式,从雨水管道水力计算与污水管道水力计算两方面着手,探讨了运用Excel软件进行水力计算的方法,通过试算分析指出运用Excel软件进行水力计算简单便捷、精确度高。

关键词： 天然气成藏期次   流体包裹体   上古生界   鄂尔多斯盆地西南部  

摘要： 通过单偏光、荧光显微镜观察和显微冷热台测温等方法，对鄂尔多斯盆地西南部16口井24块上古生界砂岩样品进行全面的流体包裹体分析，归纳山西组和盒8段内主要含气层段流体包裹体岩相学特征，将不同包裹体组合内与烃类包裹体伴生的盐水包裹体均一温度、冰点温度等参数对比分析，结合研究区埋藏史推测致密砂岩储层内天然气的充注期次。测试结果显示与气态烃包裹体伴生的盐水包裹体均一温度范围为100～170℃，均一温度和冰点温度均未显示明显间断，表明储层内天然气运移是在中侏罗世一早白垩世内（200～100Ma）持续进行；愈合微裂隙内高气液比气态烃包裹体的气相组分以CH4为主，与其伴生盐水包裹体均一温度介于140～170℃之间，表明储层内天然气大量富集期为早白垩世（155～100Ma）；流体包裹体组合、均一温度及其地球化学组分测试结果综合分析认为，鄂尔多斯盆地西南部上古生界天然气运移富集是一个相对漫长且连续的过程，并以早白垩世为主要充注期。

关键词： 南水北调   测压管   检测  

摘要： 为了掌握总干渠渗流情况,为总干渠安全运行提供必要信息,南水北调京石段(河北境内)沿线共布设测压管315根,经统计,其中260根测压管常年无水。选择有代表性的监测断面进行了数据分析,无法准确判断无水测压管是否失效,提出了测压管渗透性检测方案,以查明测压管的有效性。

关键词： Control systems   Lagrangian functions   Multidimensional systems   Fuzzy control   Variable speed drives   OVERHEAD CRANE  

摘要： The mathematical model of the three-dimensional crane using the Euler-Lagrange approach is derived. A statespace representation of the derived model is proposed and explored in the Simulink r environment and on the laboratory stand. The obtained control design was simulated, analyzed and compared with existing encoder-based system provided by the three-dimensional (3D) Crane manufacturer Inteco r. As well, an anti-swing fuzzy logic control has been developed, simulated, and analyzed. Obtained control algorithm is compared with the existing anti-swing proportional-integral controller designed by the 3D crane manufacturer Inteco (R). 5-degree of freedom (5DOF) control schemes are designed, examined and compared with the various load masses. The topicality of the problem is due to the wide usage of gantry cranes in industry. The solution is proposed for the future research in sensorless and intelligent control of complex motor driven application.

关键词： Dual fluidized bed gasifiers (DFBGs)   Hydrodynamics   Riser   L-valve   Pressure drop   Solid circulation rate   STEAM-GASIFICATION   CIRCULATION RATE   CO2 SEPARATION   TAR REDUCTION   LOOP-SEAL   L-VALVE   BIOMASS   SIMULATION   SYSTEM   COMBUSTION  

摘要： Gasification in dual fluidized bed gasifiers (DFBGs) has proven itself as one of the promising technologies. In DFBGs, the bubbling fluidized bed (BFB) acting as a gasifier and a riser applied as combustor are coupled with the provision of solid transfer between them. The hydrodynamic characteristics of these reactors are very important in improving their performance and achieving better operational control. In the present study, a cold model of dual fluidized bed gasifier of configuration - riser as combustor and BFB as gasifier with loop-seal as the upper connection and L-valve as the lower connection - has been constructed. The influence of operating parameters such as fluidization velocity in the riser, aeration velocity in the L-valve as well as the inventory on the pressure drops and solid circulation rate was inspected. Results show that the pressure drop in the riser decreased with the increase of the riser velocity whereas it increased with the increase of L-valve aeration velocity. Besides, the solid circulation rate was found increasing with the increase of both riser velocity and L-valve aeration velocity. However, the increase of the riser pressure drop and solid circulation rate with the increase of L-valve aeration velocity was limited due to the excessive fluidization in L-valve which disrupted the solid flow. This was termed as the maximum L-valve aeration velocity for the stable operation. The results show that the maximum L-valve aeration velocity increased with the increase of solid circulation rate and riser velocity. Furthermore, a correlation was proposed to relate solid circulation rate to riser velocity and L-valve aeration velocity. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.