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关键词： 书面形式   变更合同   口头约定   岗位工作   劳动合同   部门主管   公司   农民工  

摘要： 编辑同志：我作为农民工于2011年6月与一家公司签订了一份为期两年的劳动合同，约定我担任技术指导，月工资3000元。四个月后，公司经与我协商，决定由我担任部门主管，月工资上调到4500元。但双方就此变更只是口头约定，而未采用书面形式。此后我一直在新岗位工作，公司也一直按新标准发放工资。可近日公司突然要我回到原岗位，

关键词： hospital nurse   hybrid model   Iran   job satisfaction   QUESTIONNAIRE SURVEY   CARE   MIGRATION   HEALTH   WORK   INTENTION   LEAVE   TURNOVER   IMPACT   MODEL  

摘要： Aim The influence of self-expectation, social interaction, and organisational situation on job satisfaction among nurses is examined. Background Understanding determinants and correlates of job satisfaction are important factors that help to reduce the problem of nurse attrition. Methods Utilizing the Hybrid Model of concept development, job satisfaction was examined in three phases: (1) the theoretical phase, a working definition and the dimensions of job satisfaction were established; (2) the fieldwork phase, a qualitative semi-structured interview was employed to capture participants perceptions of the concept; and (3) the analytical phase, the experiences of nurses were evaluated using the conceptual model. Results The results indicate that personal beliefs, rather than social interaction or organisational situation, constitute the core of job satisfaction. Conclusions Despite the variety of dissatisfaction factors rooted in social interaction and organisational situation, participants achieved the highest job satisfaction when trusting in self-value systems and the spiritual value of their job objectives. Implications Intervention is needed to increase organisational and professional support for nurses. However, highlighting the sacred and spiritual value of the nursing profession, which is rooted in religious values and culture, provides additional reinforcement for enhancing the job satisfaction among this segment of health care providers.

关键词： ANS   fluorescence   inhibition   matrix metalloproteinase   MMP-7   HUMAN MATRIX-METALLOPROTEINASE-7 MATRILYSIN   GREEN TEA CATECHINS   CHOLESTEROL SULFATE   ESCHERICHIA-COLI   PH-DEPENDENCE   BINDING   EXPRESSION   PURIFICATION   INHIBITORS   RESIDUES  

摘要： Human matrix metalloproteinase 7 (MMP-7) is the smallest matrix metalloproteinase. It plays important roles in tumour invasion and metastasis. 8-Anilinonaphthalene 1-sulphonate (ANS) is a fluorescent probe widely used for the analysis of proteins. It emits large fluorescence energy when its anilinonaphthalene group binds with hydrophobic regions of protein. In this study, we analysed the interaction of ANS and MMP-7. At pH 4.5-9.5, ANS inhibited MMP-7 activity in the hydrolysis of (7-methoxycoumarin-4-yl)acetyl-L-Pro-L-Leu-Gly-L-Leu-[N-3-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)-L-2,3-diaminopropionyl]-L-Ala-L-Arg-NH2. The inhibition was a non-competitive manner and depended on the time for pre-incubation of ANS and MMP-7. At pH 4.5-9.5, the fluorescence of ANS was not changed by the addition of MMP-7. At pH 3.5, MMP-7 lacked activity, and the fluorescence of ANS was increased by the addition of MMP-7. These results suggest that at pH 4.5-9.5, the sulphonic group of ANS binds with MMP-7 through electrostatic interaction, whereas at pH 3.5, the anilinonaphthalene group of ANS binds with MMP-7 through hydrophobic interaction.

关键词： IMPLICIT CONTRACTS   INFORMATION   DEMAND   HOLDUP   MARKET   COSTS   PAY  

摘要： We begin with two uncontroversial hypotheses - firm productivity is expensive to measure and employment entails relationship-specific investments. These assumptions imply that firms would optimally choose fixed-wage contracts, and complement these with bonus pay when measuring employee performance is not too costly. These assumptions imply that under an optimal employment contract hours of work is less responsive, while total compensation is more responsive to shocks under bonus-pay contracts compared to fixed wage contracts. Using data from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID) where shocks are proxied using the local unemployment rate, we find strong support for these two implications.

关键词： Computer-aided identification   False-color imagery   Filamentous fungi   Morphological segregation   Phenotypic classification   MICROBIAL COMMUNITIES   MOLECULAR TECHNIQUES   SOIL   IDENTIFICATION   CHARACTERIZE   DIVERSITY   SYSTEM   PCR  

摘要： The use of the analysis technique proposed here, based on functions of the digital imagery software eCognition professional 4.0, provides an objective and effective method for the assessment of fungal diversity in the context of environmental screening projects. It is demonstrated that strains of cultivated fungi can be quantitatively segregated with regard to specific false-color patterns, which reflect even the merest differences in pigment composition, indicating genotypic or phylogenetic disparities. Due to resolving subtle differences of phenotypic traits, a rapid recognition of (duplicate) genotypes is possible which allows the direct inference of the mycobial diversity of given environmental samples and a semi-quantitative or qualitative estimation of the fungal community structure. Two sets of image data from cultures were used in the current study: a minor set being applied for the definition of color classes and for usage in an image reference array, and a second, extended dataset for method validation. An objective assignment, based on false-color classification, was carried out by cluster analysis. High reproducibility using standardized methods makes this design an effective pre-screening option in the field of microbial environmental research. The application of false-color imagery may therefore be applied in fungal monitoring studies as a meaningful procedure supplementing molecular analyses by the identification of new strains irrespective of their relatedness.

关键词： Factor V Leiden   GeneXpert   Prothrombin 20210   ITALIAN PATIENTS   PCR   THROMBOPHILIA   PREVALENCE   MUTATION  

摘要： Background: In this study, we evaluated the GeneXpert HemosIL Factor II and Factor V assay, an innovative assay for the detection of Factor V Leiden (FVL) and prothrombin G20210A mutation (GPRO). Patients and methods: We evaluated 132 patients that were previously classified (with a concordant result) using two commercial real-time PCR assays supplied, by Applied Biosystems and Roche Molecular Biochemicals. The cohort comprised 75 normal subjects, 10 FVL homozygous, 35 FVL heterozygous, 7 GPRO heterozygous, 2 GPRO homozygous and 3 double heterozygous FVL and GPRO subjects. All of the samples were evaluated using the GeneXpert HemosIL Factor II and Factor V assay. Results: All of the samples were correctly identified using the GeneXpert HemosIL Factor II and Factor V assay; therefore, in this patient series, the specificity and sensitivity of the test under evaluation was 1.00. Discussion: We have shown that the GeneXpert HemosIL Factor II and Factor V assay, a rapid fully automated assay, can accurately characterise the presence of FV G1691A and FII G20210A polymorphisms with specificity and sensitivity that are comparable to other current real-time PCR-based methods. The theoretical advantages of such an assay include improved standardisation across varying healthcare environments, more thorough sample manipulation and reduced human error. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： 木材检验   行政主管部门   木材生产   市场需求   检验标准   流通领域   检验工作   实践经验  

摘要： 木材检验工作贯穿于木材生产流通领域全过程,其重要作用尤为突出。笔者依据多年生产实践经验,针对贮木场及山上林场在接收木材,交接验收、缴库验收、木材拨付时,木材检验发挥的作用浅谈几点看法。新木材检验是国务院标准化行政主管部门根据当前木材资源的径级变小、质量降低,原检验标准不适应市场需求而适时修改的。林业企业为追求更大的经济效益,必须严格根据新检验标准和市场需求,

关键词： 书面形式   劳动合同   口头约定   部门主管   工资   公司  

摘要： 【案例】雒某于2011年6月与一家签订了一份为期两年的劳动合同．约定雒某担任技术指导。月工资3000元。4个月后．公司经与雒某协商．决定由雒某担任部门主管，月工资上调到4500元。但双方就此变更只是口头约定，而未采用书面形式。此后雒某一直在新岗位上班。