课程文献中心 更多>>

关键词： 生化检验项目   肝硬化疾病   诊断  

摘要： 目的：分析生化检验项目在肝硬化疾病诊断中的作用。方法回顾性选择2014年5月～2015年5月我院收治80例肝硬化患者临床资料，将其作为研究组，另再选择70例正常人，将其作为对照组，均行生化检验，比较两组患者生化检验及纤维化指标。结果研究组天冬氨酸氨基转移酶、总胆红素指标均高于对照组，且研究组白蛋白比对照组更低于标准值；研究组层黏连蛋白、Ⅳ型胶原指标均高于对照组，P＜0.05，差异具有统计学意义。结论生化检验项目在肝硬化疾病的诊断准确率高。

关键词： 重组人促红细胞生成素   盲肠结扎穿孔术   检验性失血   急性肾损伤  

摘要： 目的探讨重组人促红细胞生成素(r Hu EPO)对盲肠结扎穿孔术(CLP)+检验性失血大鼠急性肾损伤的保护作用。方法 160只SD大鼠CLP术后按照随机数表法取均分为四组(对照组、小剂量组、中剂量组和大剂量组),每组各40只,四组均关腹后0 h、24 h、48 h尾静脉放血1 ml,小剂量组0 h皮下注射3 000 U/kg+生理盐水1 ml(24 h、48 h皮下注射生理盐水1 ml),中剂量组0 h、24 h皮下注射r Hu EPO 3 000 U/kg+生理盐水1 ml(48 h皮下注射生理盐水1 ml),大剂量组0 h、24 h、48 h皮下注射3 000 U/kg+生理盐水1 ml,对照组0 h、24 h、48 h皮下注射生理盐水1 ml,分笼饲养,72 h每组各取5只经心脏取血2 ml,检测血红蛋白(Hb)、尿素氮(BUN)、肌酐(Cr)、肿瘤坏死因子(TNF-α),检测肾脏丙二醛(MDA)、髓过氧化物酶活性(MPO)、核转录因子(NF-κB)表达和末端脱氧核苷酸转移酶介导的脱氧尿苷三磷酸缺口标记(TUNEL)阳性细胞数。结果大中剂量组BUN、Cr、TNF-α、MDA、MPO、NF-κB、TUNEL阳性细胞数分别与对照组比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),大剂量组较中剂量组差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),而小剂量组上述指标分别与对照组比较差异则均无统计学意义(P>0.05),四组的Hb比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 r Hu EPO能够降低盲肠结扎穿孔术+检验性失血所致急性肾损伤大鼠TNF-α、MDA、MPO、NF-κB表达和TUNEL阳性细胞数,对脓毒症和检验性失血双重打击急性肾功能损伤具有一定的保护作用,且呈剂量依赖性。

关键词： 技贸结合项目   高铁动车组   技术引进   合同安排   违约责任  

摘要： 为解决国内重大技术装备快速升级和产业发展问题，在“以市场换技术”理念的引领下，技贸结合项目在高铁、核电、燃气轮机、矿山机械等基础设施和重大装备领域推行。技贸结合项目的目标是，通过国内采购方的批量采购设备产品，促使外方在销售设备及零部件的同时，向国内制造企业转让设备产品的设计和生产技术，使其在引进、消化、吸收及再创新的基础上，形成国内相关产业可持续发展能力。技贸结合项目的复杂交易需求，必然导致存在国内采购方、国内制造企业及外方等多个不同合同主体，以及技术许可合同和设备采购合同等多个不同内容的独立合同；相应地，对中方产生技术许可合同金额相对较小、外方违约成本与设备采购合同相比徽不足道的重大风险。本文以高铁动车组采购和技术引进项目为例，通过分析比较技贸结合项目与传统技术引进和设备进口项目的合同安排特点及风险差异，结合技贸结合项目中多方当事人的利益和风险平衡，提出关于外方技术许可违约责任和责任限制条款的关联处理建议。

关键词： 商贸流通   行业异质性   产业链  

摘要： 本文通过研究阐述商贸流通业及细分行业异质性的内涵及意义,从增强实体经济流通力和竞争能力、推动消费导向型经济的转型升级和整合产业链以优化市场分工体系等方面,对商贸流通业的经济先导性作再检验,给出以市场为导向促进面向细分行业异质性的商贸流通业功能升级、整合商流与物流资源以提升商贸流通企业服务区域经济的能力和面向细分行业异质性的商贸流通供应链系统优化升级等具体对策。

关键词： 粮食价格   城镇居民   价格传导   生活水平  

摘要： 本文利用2007—2013年月度数据,采用有限分布滞后回归模型实证分析粮食价格变化对城镇居民生活的影响。实证结果表明,粮食价格通过传导机制影响肉禽、蛋类、水产品等细分食品价格,纵然影响深度和滞后期各不相同,但粮食价格变动的影响将被放大;政策模拟显示,粮食价格上涨将使城镇居民的食品支出增加、恩格尔系数变大、生活水平下降。研究认为,尽管城镇居民的粮食消费量不断减少、粮食支出在消费性支出中的比重不断下降,但在价格传导机制的作用下,粮食价格大幅上涨时,政府应该采取相关政策对城镇居民实施帮扶。

关键词： 经销商   资源   同行   整合   电子商务   销售网点   交易模式   互联网  

摘要： 电子商务对经销商的冲击，本质上是抢走了经销商的用户，而不是客户。换句话说，也就是抢走了消费者，而不是销售网点。随着电子商务交易模式固有弊端的凸显，无论是“＋互联网”，还是“互联网＋”，实体店的回归已成一种趋势，只不过，这一次实体经销商不应只是一个售卖网点：只不过，这一次，需要换一个玩法。

关键词： 血液检验   贫血   血常规  

摘要： 目的:分析血液检验对贫血患者病情诊断的临床价值。方法:选择2012年6月-2014年6月在我院就诊的患有缺铁性贫血和地中海贫血的患者各46例,再抽取同期接受健康体检的健康人资料46例,分别将其定义为研究1组、研究2组、对照组。对3组实施血液检验,对比血红蛋白(Hb)、平均红细胞体积(MCV)、血红细胞(RBC)、平均红细胞血红蛋白(MCH)、红细胞分布宽度(RDW)等指标水平。结果:研究2组的Hb、MCH、RBC水平明显低于研究1组和对照组,RDW水平明显高于对照组和研究1组,MCV水平明显低于对照组(P<0.05),研究1组Hb、MCH水平明显低于对照组,RBC、RDW水平明显高于对照组,MCV水平明显低于对照组和研究2组(P<0.05);研究1组和研究2组出现血常规指标异常的人数明显多于对照组(P<0.05),研究1组和研究2组比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:血液检查可以作为临床对贫血疾病进行鉴别和诊断的一项主要方法。

关键词： Bayesian mixture modeling   Markov chain Monte Carlo   Depression   Disruptive behavior   Comorbidity   CATECHOL-O-METHYLTRANSFERASE   PERCEIVED SOCIAL SUPPORT   GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION   RECEPTOR GENE   SEROTONIN TRANSPORTER   MAJOR DEPRESSION   MOOD DISORDERS   CHRONIC STRESS   POLYMORPHISM   SYMPTOMS  

摘要： Objective: The objective of this study was to apply a Bayesian statistical analytic approach that minimizes multiple testing problems to explore the combined effects of chronic low familial support and variants in 12 candidate genes on risk for a common and debilitating childhood mental health condition. Method: Bayesian mixture modeling was used to examine gene by environment interactions among genetic variants and environmental factors (family support) associated in previous studies with the occurrence of comorbid depression and disruptive behavior disorders youth, using a sample of 255 children. Results: One main effect, variants in the oxytocin receptor (OXTR, rs53576) was associated with increased risk for comorbid disorders. Two significant gene x environment and one signification gene x gene interactions emerged. Variants in the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor alpha 5 subunit (CHRNA5, rs16969968) and in the glucocorticoid receptor chaperone protein FK506 binding protein 5 (FKBP5, rs4713902) interacted with chronic low family support in association with child mental health status. One gene x gene interaction, 5-HTTLPR variant of the serotonin transporter (SERT/SLC6A4) in combination with mu opioid receptor (OPRM1, rs1799971) was associated with comorbid depression and conduct problems. Conclusions: Results indicate that Bayesian modeling is a feasible strategy for conducting behavioral genetics research. This approach, combined with an optimized genetic selection strategy (Vrieze et al., 2012), revealed genetic variants involved in stress regulation (FKBP5, SERT x OPMR), social bonding (OXTR), and nicotine responsivity (CHRNA5) in predicting comorbid status. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： DRUG-USE   AUDADIS-ADR   DIAGNOSES   CRITERIA   AGREEMENT   SCAN   CONCORDANCE   CIDI  

摘要： Objective: The purpose of this study was to employ the criteria for alcohol use disorder (AUD), according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5), in a general population sample and to compare the diagnostic classifications and prevalence with those of DSM-IV, DSM-III-R, and the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, 10th Revision (ICD-10). Method: We used a stratified random sample of 1,091 participants (ages 18-64) in Stockholm County, who were interviewed between 1998 and 2002. A semistructured interview was conducted using Schedules for Clinical Assessment in Neuropsychiatry. Diagnoses were made according to DSM-5, DSM-IV, DSM-III-R, and ICD-10. Agreement was studied using Cohen's kappa. Results: The prevalence of DSM-5 AUD was 11.0%, with corresponding dependence or abuse/harm diagnosis being 8.7% for DSM-IV, 8.5% for DSM-III-R, and 4.9% for ICD-10. With the shift from DSM-IV to DSM-5, 3.2% of those with no disorder were reclassified as mild AUD, whereas 28.9% of those with DSM-IV abuse were reclassified as having no disorder. The majority of the "new cases" had two DSM-IV dependence criteria, and few endorsed the new DSM-5 craving criteria. Cohen's kappa between DSM-5 AUD and dependence or abuse/harm was as follows: DSM-IV,.84, DSM-III-R,.83, and ICD-10,.62. These findings were lower than their between the older systems: between DSM-IV and DSM-III-R,.98, between DSM-IV and ICD-10,.70, and between DSM-III-R and ICD-10,.72. Conclusions: In the present study population, there were more undiagnosed DSM-W cases being diagnosed as AUD using DSM-5 than vice versa, but in total the number of cases increased moderately when going from DSM-IV to DSM-5. Concerning reliability, there are substantial to almost perfect agreements between DSM-5 classifications of AUDs and those of DSM-IV, DSM-III-R, and ICD-10.