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关键词： 微生物检验   预防   感染性疾病   诊断  

摘要： 近年来随着禽流感,非典型肺炎、猪链球菌感染等感染性病的流行,微生物检验在感染性疾病以及相关病患的预防和诊断起着非常重要的作用,如何有效提高微生物检验技术,确保检验结果的精确性,微生物实验室的质量控制就显得尤为重要.在日常管理中,不仅要对检验人员、检验样品、环境条件、实验设施设备等进行质量控制,还要运用我国标准的检验方法和校正方法对以上内容进行检查,只有将质量控制做好,才能有效提高检验的准确性和精准性,对感染性疾病及相关病患的预防和诊断提供良好的参考价值.

关键词： 建筑材料   监测管理   质量检验  

摘要： 随着我国经济社会的飞速发展和国家政策的变化，近几年建筑行业也得到了飞速发展，建筑材料质量是否能够真正达到标准，直接关系到建筑工程的整体质量。随着人们对建筑工程质量要求的不断提高，建筑工程对建筑材料质量的要求也越来越高。

关键词： 得分检验   共关联   统计量   整体基因  

摘要： 目的发展一种基于得分检验的新型统计方法,用于推断两整体基因间的共关联作用。方法通过统计模拟和实例分析,评价基于得分检验的统计量的稳定性与有效性。结果统计模拟结果显示,基于得分检验的统计量一类错误稳定。检验效能在样本量固定的情况下,随着交互作用效应值的增加而升高;在交互作用效应值固定的情况下,随着样本量的增加而升高。实例数据分析表明,LRP5与LRP6两基因间的共关联作用具有统计学意义(P=0.031)。结论基于得分检验的统计量是检验两整体基因间共关联作用的一种有效方法。

关键词： 临床渗及信息反馈路径   检验前质量控制   标本  

摘要： 目的通过对我院检验科ISO 15189国家实验室认可前后检验前质量控制情况进行分析,探讨检验科建立的临床渗及信息反馈路径在检验前质量控制中的作用,以减少分析前误差的发生,提高检验质量。方法采用调查研究的方法,统计并分析路径建立前（2009年）和路径建立后（2010~2014年）各年度不规范申请单发生率、标本丢失率、不合格标本发生率,并对其在不同科室的分布情况及原因进行分析。结果与临床渗及信息反馈路径建立前（2009年）相比,2010年建立路径后不规范申请单发生率、标本丢失率、不合格标本发生率均明显下降（P〈0.05）;2010~2014年随着路径的规范和完善,差错的发生率呈逐年下降趋势。结论建立检验医师查房、会诊制,临床护师标本采集的培训、考核,定期开展由院领导、临床医护人员、职能科室主任参加的管理评审等措施的临床渗及信息反馈路径可提高临床医护人员的质量意识,规范标本采集的技术操作,大大提高了标本质量。

关键词： Bayes risk   HDLSS data   High-dimensional geometry   Inter-point distances   Law of large numbers   Misclassification probability   Reproducing kernel Hilbert space   rho-mixing sequences   LARGE NUMBERS   CONSISTENCY   LAWS  

摘要： For data with more variables than the sample size, phenomena like concentration of pairwise distances, violation of cluster assumptions and presence of hubness often have adverse effects on the performance of the classic nearest neighbor classifier. To cope with such problems, some dimension reduction techniques like those based on random linear projections and principal component directions have been proposed in the literature. In this article, we construct nonlinear transformations of the data based on inter-point distances, which also lead to reduction in data dimension. More importantly, for such high dimension low sample size data, they enhance separability among the competing classes in the transformed space. When the classic nearest neighbor classifier is used on the transformed data, it usually yields lower misclassification rates. Under appropriate regularity conditions, we derive asymptotic results on misclassification probabilities of nearest neighbor classifiers based on the norm and the norms (with ) in the transformed space, when the training sample size remains fixed and the dimension of the data grows to infinity. Strength of the proposed transformations in the classification context is demonstrated by analyzing several simulated and benchmark data sets.

关键词： extrusion   rheology   solubility   viscosity   polymers   processing   plasticization   WATER-SOLUBLE DRUGS   SOLID DISPERSIONS   SPECTROSCOPIC ANALYSIS   ROTATIONAL RHEOMETRY   YIELD-STRESS   SOLUBILITY   MISCIBILITY   SUSPENSIONS   FILMS   PLASTICIZATION  

摘要： The flow properties of drug-polymer mixtures have a significant influence on their processability when using techniques such as hot melt extrusion (HME). Suitable extrusion temperature and screw speed to be used in laboratory scale HME were evaluated for mixtures containing 30% of paracetamol (PRC), ibuprofen (IBU), or indomethacin (IND), and 70% of polyethylene oxide, by using small amplitude oscillatory shear rheology. The initial evaluation of the drug: polyethylene oxide solubility was estimated by differential scanning calorimetry of the physical mixtures containing a wide range of weight fractions of the drug substances. Consecutively, the mixtures were extruded, and the maximum plasticizing weight fraction of each drug was determined by means of rheological measurements. IBU was found to have an efficient plasticizing functionality, decreasing the viscosity of the mixtures even above its apparent saturation solubility, whereas IND and PRC initially lowered the viscosity of the mixture slightly but increased it significantly with increasing drug load. The main reason for the enhanced plasticization effect seems to be the lower melting temperature of IBU, which is closer to the used HME temperature, compared to PRC and IND. This study highlights the importance of rheological investigation in understanding the drug-polymer interactions in melt processing. (C) 2016 American Pharmacists Association (R). Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

关键词： sexual homicide   sexual murderer   choice of weapon   murder weapon   victim characteristic   offender profiling   CRIME   JUVENILE   MURDERERS   PROFILES  

摘要： As most studies report that the majority of sexual homicide offenders (SHOs) prefer to kill with their own hands, research has largely neglected to examine the choice of weapon by these offenders. The US Supplementary Homicide Reports show that although a large number of SHOs murder their victim using personal weapons (e.g. bare hands and manual or ligature strangulation), the majority use an alternative weapon (e.g. edged weapons, contact weapons, and firearms). The present study hypothesises that the choice of weapon is in part influenced by victim characteristics. To identify specific combinations and interactions between victim characteristics and the choice of a personal or edged weapon during the commission of a sexual homicide, a combination of exhaustive chi-square automatic interaction detector and conjunctive analysis is used on a sample of 2,472 single-victim male SHOs from a 36-year period of Supplementary Homicide Report data (1976-2011). Findings show that SHOs choose their weapon according to some victim characteristics. Implications of the findings are discussed in light of police suspect prioritisation. Copyright (C) 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

关键词： 贫血   血液检验   结果  

摘要： 目的：对100例贫血患者的血液检验结果加以分析。方法：选择2015年4月至2016年4月期间在该院就诊的100例贫血患者作为研究对象，同时再选择60例健康体检者作为对照组，皆进行静脉采血2ml，检测所有血液标本。结果：观察组中慢性感染、地中海贫血、缺铁性贫血、巨幼细胞性贫血、溶血性贫血患者的 RDW、MCHC、MCH、MCV 检测结果与对照组健康体检者对比，数据差异存在统计学意义（P ＜0．05），而观察组中铁粒幼细胞性贫血、再生障碍性贫血患者在 RDW、MCHC、MCH、MCV 检测结果方面与对照组健康体检者的数据差异对比无统计学差异（P ＞0．05）。结论：对血液中的 RDW、MCHC、MCH、MCV 含量进行检验是诊断贫血的重要借鉴指标。

关键词： 血液检验   风湿病   临床作用  

摘要： 目的：研究探讨血液检验用于风湿病患者的临床作用。方法：从2015年4月2016年4月我院收治的风湿病病患中随机选择40例作为实验组，同时选择同期来我院进行常规检查的健康人40例作为常规组。对两组成员进行血液检验，并对比其检验的结果。结果：实验组血液的粘稠程度以及血液中免疫球蛋白和纤维蛋白的含量要明显高于常规组（P＜0.05），但两组成员在红细胞压积的比较方面并没有太大的差别（P＞0.06）。结论：血液检验用于风湿病患者的诊断当中具有良好的临床作用，值得在临床上进行推广。

关键词： 采血   护理实习生   临床   检验结果  

摘要： 目的：临床护理实习生对于采血关更好的把握，以及其对于检验结果的准确性的意义，以便以后能在护士的岗位上快速的适应。方法分析临床护理实习生在实习过程中，学习和掌握采血之前的相关注意事项，并且把握好采血关对于辅助检验时进行检验结果的保证，顺利进入护理岗位具有重要的意义。结果护理实习生了解并掌握血液的采集过程中采集到正确的血液标本是保证最终检验的结果准确的一个必要的因素。结论检验结果本身作为引导医生做出患者病症的正确诊断以及治疗的重要依据，护理实习生在实习过程中学习采血，把握好采血关对于检验师更好的保证检验结果的准确性具有十分重要的作用，也能更好，更快的适应护理岗位。