课程文献中心 更多>>

关键词： TREATMENT of alcoholism   DRINKING of alcoholic beverages & psychology   PHENOTYPE  

关键词： Type A   B Classification   Factor Analysis   Factor Mixture Model   Typology   SUBSTANCE USE DISORDERS   LATENT CLASS ANALYSIS   NATIONAL EPIDEMIOLOGIC SURVEY   A-TYPE-B   GENERAL-POPULATION   GENDER-DIFFERENCES   DEPENDENCE SYMPTOMS   PROBLEM DRINKERS   ABUSE TREATMENT   DSM-V  

摘要： BackgroundThe type A/B classification model for alcohol use disorders (AUDs) has received considerable empirical support. However, few studies examine the underlying latent structure of this subtyping model, which has been challenged as a dichotomization of a single drinking severity dimension. Type B, relative to type A, alcoholics represent those with early age of onset, greater familial risk, and worse outcomes from alcohol use. MethodsWe examined the latent structure of the type A/B model using categorical, dimensional, and factor mixture models in a mixed-gender community treatment-seeking sample of adults with an AUD. ResultsFactor analytic models identified 2 factors (drinking severity/externalizing psychopathology and internalizing psychopathology) underlying the type A/B indicators. A factor mixture model with 2 dimensions and 3 classes emerged as the best overall fitting model. The classes reflected a type A class and 2 type B classes (B1 and B2) that differed on the respective level of drinking severity/externalizing pathology and internalizing pathology. Type B1 had a greater prevalence of women and more internalizing pathology and B2 had a greater prevalence of men and more drinking severity/externalizing pathology. The 2-factor, 3-class model also exhibited predictive validity by explaining significant variance in 12-month drinking and drug use outcomes. ConclusionsThe model identified in this study may provide a basis for examining different sources of heterogeneity in the course and outcome of AUDs.

关键词： fMRI   Functional connectivity   Classification   MVPA   Depression   PREDICT OPTIMIZED TREATMENT   MAJOR DEPRESSION   PATTERN-RECOGNITION   ANTIDEPRESSANT RESPONSE   FEATURE-SELECTION   DISORDER   BRAIN   NETWORK   BIOMARKERS   DISCOVERY  

摘要： In small, selected samples, an approach combining resting-state functional connectivity MRI and multivariate pattern analysis has been able to successfully classify patients diagnosed with unipolar depression. Purposes of this investigation were to assess the generalizability of this approach to a large clinically more realistic sample and secondarily to assess the replicability of previously reported methodological feasibility in a more homogeneous subgroup with pronounced depressive symptoms. Two independent subsets were drawn from the depression and control cohorts of the BiDirect study, each with 180 patients with and 180 controls without depression. Functional connectivity either among regions covering the gray matter or selected regions with known alterations in depression was assessed by resting-state fMRI. Support vector machines with and without automated feature selection were used to train classifiers differentiating between individual patients and controls in the entire first subset as well as in the subgroup. Model parameters were explored systematically. The second independent subset was used for validation of successful models. Classification accuracies in the large, heterogeneous sample ranged from 45.0 to 56.1% (chance level 50.0%). In the subgroup with higher depression severity, three out of 90 models performed significantly above chance (60.8-61.7% at independent validation). In conclusion, common classification methods previously successful in small homogenous depression samples do not immediately translate to a more realistic population. Future research to develop diagnostic classification approaches in depression should focus on more specific clinical questions and consider heterogeneity, including symptom severity as an important factor.

关键词： Rotavirus A   Genomics   Phylogenetics   Genome sequencing   Reassortment   Co-infection   Antibody capture   GROUP-A ROTAVIRUS   DEVELOPING-COUNTRIES   SYSTEMATIC ANALYSIS   DIARRHEAL DISEASE   GLOBAL BURDEN   BIRTH COHORT   STRAINS   CHILDREN   GENE   HETEROGENEITY  

摘要： Background: Genomic characterization of rotavirus (RoV) has not been adopted at large-scale due to the complexity of obtaining sequences for all 11 segments, particularly when feces are used as starting material. Methods: To overcome these limitations, we developed a novel RoV capture and genome sequencing method combining commercial enzyme immunoassay plates and a set of routinely used reagents. Results: Our approach had a 100% success rate, producing >90% genome coverage for diverse RoV present in fecal samples (Ct < 30). Conclusions: This method provides a novel, reproducible and comparatively simple approach for genomic RoV characterization and could be scaled-up for use in global RoV surveillance systems. Trial registration (prospectively registered): Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN88101063. Date of registration: 14/06/2012

关键词： 动植物检验检疫   重要性   发展   作用  

摘要： 文章分析和研究了动植物检疫的相关问题,包括检疫的作用和发展过程,并且对我国新时期的动植物检疫发展提出了新的要求,以促进动植物检验检疫工作的发展,发挥其积极作用。

关键词： 生化检验   质量   6σ标准管理  

摘要： 目的分析6σ标准管理制度对临床生化检验质量的作用。方法选择2 000例患者作为观察对象,计算机随机法分为常规组与实验组两组,常规组采取一般管理制度,实验组采取6σ标准管理制度,对比两组患者的临床生化检验质量。结果组间实验指标差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),说明实验组管理制度的临床生化检验质量获得了明显的改善。结论进行临床生化检验时,采取6σ标准管理制度可有效改进检验质量,值得实践推广。

关键词： 医学检验   技能大赛   人才培养  

摘要： 医学检验是以临床检验诊断为主要内容的学科,作为一门实践性很强的专业,具有较强的操作性和技术性。为培养合格的医学检验人才,满足各类医学检验相关岗位的需求,强化操作技能训练至关重要。医学检验技能大赛既是学生提高自身专业素质、展示各种能力和风采的平台,也是检验教师教学效果的契机。本文结合潍坊医学院医学检验学系举办检验技能大赛的经验,总结检验技能大赛对医学检验专业人才培养的促进作用。