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关键词： Antimicrobial resistance   Multidrug resistance   E.coli   Surveillance   Chicken   Abattoir   ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE   ANTIBIOTIC-RESISTANCE   BROILER-CHICKENS   UNITED-STATES   CIPROFLOXACIN   ANIMALS  

摘要： Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and related multidrug resistance (MDR) are important global public health issues. The Canadian Integrated Program for Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance (CIPARS) conducts surveillance of AMR in enteric bacteria and monitors MDR. However, the analysis of MDR is complicated by the lack of consensus for MDR definitions. The objectives were to describe the most common resistance patterns in generic E. coli isolates from chicken cecal samples and determine the impact of using different MDR metrics for analysis of annual and regional variation in MDR. From 2006 to 2015, 1598 E. coli isolates were collected from chickens at slaughter for CIPARS. Three MDR classification metrics were used: MDR-drug (MDR if the isolate was resistant (R) to >= 3 of the 13 antimicrobials); MDR-cat (MDR if R to >= 3 of the 9 antimicrobials categories); and MDR-class (MDR if R to >= 3 of the 6 antimicrobial classes). The most frequent resistance patterns overall, and by year and region were extracted along with patterns that included resistance to quinolones, and third generation cephalosporins and/or beta-lactams with beta-lactamase inhibitors. For each MDR metric, mixed logistic regression models, which included random intercepts for abattoir, were fitted to analyze the association between prevalence of MDR, and year and region. Interaction effects between year and region were evaluated. Overall, and in all years and regions, non-resistant was the most common resistance pattern (24.9%, 95% CI 22.8-27.1%). Resistance patterns that included third generation cephalosporins and beta-lactams with beta-lactamase inhibitors were common. The prevalence of MDR was variable: MDR-class 38.5% (95% CI 36.1-41.0%); MDR-cat 49.4% (95% CI 46.9-51.9%); and MDR-drug 53.3% (95% CI 50.8-55.8%). Based on models fitted with individual fixed effects, significant annual variation in the prevalence of MDR was identified with MDR-drug and MDR-class models. Significant regional variatio

关键词： Speaker recognition   Speaker verification   Logistic regression   Classifier fusion   PARALLEL FRAMEWORK   FEATURES  

摘要： Due to the mismatch between training and test conditions, speaker verification in real environments, continues to be a challenging problem. An effective way of improving such a system is taking advantage of multiple speaker verification systems. In this paper, we propose a novel sample specific speaker verification system. Using this system, the best classifiers are selected as the ensemble set and the optimal weights are obtained for each test sample. In this process, more reliable scores are forced to have higher weights, while less reliable scores are forced to have lower weights. We achieved an improvement of 0.81% in equal error rate (EER), 0.76% in minimum decision cost function (minDCF) and 3.62% in minimum log-likelihood ratio cost (minCLLR) on the NIST 2004 Speaker Recognition Evaluation dataset.

关键词： 16S sequencing   Factor models   Microbiome   Zero-inflated models   MARKER GENES  

摘要： Distance-based ordination methods, such as principal coordinates analysis (PCoA), are widely used in the analysis of microbiome data. However, these methods are prone to pose a potential risk of misinterpretation about the compositional difference in samples across different populations if there is a difference in dispersion effects. Accounting for high sparsity and overdispersion of microbiome data, we propose a amples (GOMMS) in this article. This method uses a zero-inflated quasi-Poisson (ZIQP) latent factor model. An EM algorithm based on the quasi-likelihood is developed to estimate parameters. It performs comparatively to the distance-based approach when dispersion effects are negligible and consistently better when dispersion effects are strong, where the distance-based approach sometimes yields undesirable results. The estimated latent factors from GOMMS can be used to associate the microbiome community with covariates or outcomes using the standard multivariate tests, which can be investigated in future confirmatory experiments. We illustrate the method in simulations and an analysis of microbiome samples from nasopharynx and oropharynx.

关键词： Transfer learning   SAE   CNN   Deep network   Classification methods  

摘要： The effective classification methods of the small target objects in the no-fly zone are of great significance to ensure safety in the no-fly zone. But, due to the differences of the color and texture for the small target objects in the sky, this may be unobvious, such as the birds, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), and kites. In this paper, we introduced the higher layer visualizing feature extraction method based on the hybrid deep network model to obtain the higher layer feature through combining the Sparse Autoencoder (SAE) model, the Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) model, and the regression classifier model to classify the different types of the target object images. In addition, because the sample numbers of the small sample target objects in the sky may be not sufficient, we cannot obtain much more local features directly to realize the classification of the target objects based on the higher layer visualizing feature extraction; we introduced the transfer learning in the SAE model to gain the cross-domain higher layer local visualizing features and sent the cross-domain higher layer local visualizing features and the images of the target-domain small sample object images into the CNN model, to acquire the global visualizing features of the target objects. Experimental results have shown that the higher layer visualizing feature extraction and the transfer learning deep networks are effective for the classification of small sample target objects in the sky.

关键词： 检验医师   读书报告   PDCA持续改进  

摘要： 检验医师规范化培训对提高我国临床医师队伍的整体质量和水平有重要作用。本文将计划-实施-检查-纠正(PDCA)持续改进循环方法引入检验医师规范化培训的读书报告中,在读书报告的内容、形式、考核等方面进行持续不断的改进,优化读书报告学习的质量,完善培训的方式方法,提高检验医师的学习效果,拓宽检验医师的知识面,使其不断学习新知识,提高自主学习和终身学习的能力。通过PDCA对读书报告持续改进,培训方法不断完善,读书报告可实现高效学习模式,不断提高检验医师的学习能力和科研水准。

关键词： 胶体金法   蛋白芯片法   结核病  

摘要： 目的：研究结核菌蛋白LAM、16KD、ESAT－6、38KD、CFP10蛋白芯片法及胶体金法对结核菌感染诊断的应用价值。方法：研究选取我院2015年8月－2017年8月期间确诊的50例肺结核病患者，50例非结核病患者为研究对象，所有受检人员均实行蛋白芯片法、胶体金法检验，比较两种方法的敏感度、特异性等诊断指标的差异。结果：胶体金诊断肺结核患者的敏感度为92．00％，特异度为94．00％，准确性为93．00％，误诊率为6％，漏诊率为8％。阳性预测值为93．88％，阴性预测值为92．16％；蛋白芯片诊断肺结核患者的敏感度为96．00%，特异度为98．00％，准确性为97．00％，误诊率为2％，漏诊率为4％，阳性预测值为97．96％，阴性预测值为96．08％，两方法对比无明显差异．P〉0．05。结论：在临床诊断结核疾病中应用胶体金法进行辅助检查与蛋白芯片均具有操作简单、灵敏度高等优势，且在早期诊断与治疗结核疾病中实用性强，属于理想程度比较高的免疫学检验技术，可根据实际情况合理选择。

关键词： 自贸区   跨境电商  

摘要： 2015年的中央经济工作会议上,习近平总书记再次系统全面地阐述了新常态,强调指出,“认识新常态、适应新常态、引领新常态,是当前和今后一个时期我国经济发展的大逻辑”.12月18日,国务院印发《关于加快实施自由贸易区战略的若干意见》,对我国自贸区建设做出了顶层设计,提出了具体要求.

关键词： 感染控制   微生物检验   尿路感染   作用  

摘要： 目的探讨微生物检验在感染控制中的作用。方法 180例尿路感染患者,根据检查方法不同分为对照组和观察组,每组90例。对照组患者不接受任何检验,仅采用常规治疗;观察组应用微生物检验,结合患者的检验结果制订用药方案。比较两组患者的治疗效果。结果观察组患者中,轻度感染58例(64.4%)、中度感染28例(31.1%)、重度感染4例(4.4%);对照组患者中,轻度感染46例(51.1%)、中度感染26例(28.9%)、重度感染18例(20.0%);观察组患者的感染程度明显轻于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(U=2.123,P<0.05)。结论在医院感染控制工作中,微生物检验是主要的控制方式,能够有效避免内源性感染,从而保证患者临床治疗的安全性,值得推广。

关键词： 科研思维   创新能力   教学   医学检验技术专业  

摘要： 目的医学检验技术是介于基础医学和临床医学之间的实验诊断医学专业,学生不仅要完善实验动手能力,更需要有一定的科研能力。随着我国医疗水平不断发展,社会对医学人才的要求在不断地提高,近年来尤其强调临床型人才的科研创新能力,对在校培养学生科研兴趣和激发其创新意识提出了更多要求。如何从理论与实验教学综合提高学生科研素养,激发学生学习热情,使其成为适应当前社会发展需要的复合型人才,值得进一步探讨。

关键词： 产业结构   经济增长   金融集聚   城镇化  

摘要： 文章运用中介效应模型对金融集聚与城镇化在产业结构对经济发展作用过程中的传导和作用效应进行检验。结果表明：金融集聚和城镇化均在产业结构至经济增长间表现为正向部分中介效应;金融集聚、城镇化的并行总体中介效应不显著;存在产业结构→金融集聚→城镇化→经济增长以及产业结构→城镇化→金融集聚→经济增长的传导路径。