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关键词： Dimensional analysis   Normal regression   Feed forward artificial neural network   Image processing   Classification   Weight estimation   MASS   VOLUME   FRUITS   L.  

摘要： Weight is widely used as an important measure to study the physiology and agronomy for monitoring the fruit growth, grading, and packaging. The development of a computer vision system to measure the sweet lime fruit weight by relating the weight with its physical attributes is economically efficient than the mechanical online load cell used in the fruit sorting machines. In the present work, firstly a classification tree is developed using classification and regression tree algorithm to classify the fruits based on size. The average accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and F score achieved are 98.16%, 94.01%, 98.51%, and 94.85% respectively. Secondly, parametric and non- parametric models are developed for predicting the weight of these classified fruits. A non-parametric model is developed using feed forward artificial neural network (FFANN) with error back propagation. The best topology is found among the fifty different FFANN configurations formed by varying the count of neurons in the hidden layer. Two parametric models are also developed using an approach of dimensional analysis (DA), and normal regression (NR). If the volume and the weight of the fruit have high correlation; then the bulk density of the fruit is fairly constant. This is the hypothesis used for developing the DA model. A lower value of mean square relative error and the remarkable value of Nash-Sutcliffe coefficient of efficiency indicate the superiority and the robustness of the proposed NR model in estimating the weight of the sweet lime fruits. Furthermore, an estimation uncertainty Theil_UII value which demonstrates the effectiveness and the credibility of the model's estimation ability is used for performance evaluation.

关键词： HOUSE PRICES   GROWTH   POLICY  

摘要： Australia's economy, like most national economies, is made up of several regional sub-economies. How these regional economies interact is not well understood but is relevant to macroeconomic policy setting. We outline and estimate a flexible Global Vector Autoregression model using quarterly data on house prices, output, unemployment and population for the eight Australian states and territories from 1986 to 2016. Using region-to-region impulse response functions from this model we quantify the influence of shocks in one region on another. Our results highlight the high degree of influence of New South Wales on other regions over and above its size.

关键词： Cutinase   Depolymerization   Terephthalic acid   PET recycling   Humicola insolens   POLYETHYLENE TEREPHTHALATE FILMS   ENZYMATIC DEGRADATION   POLYESTER HYDROLASE   OPTIMIZATION   FERMENTATION   PLASTICS   ENZYMES   DESIGN   SYSTEM   WASTE  

摘要： The dissemination of technologies for poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) recycling is of paramount importance in the context of the plastics circular economy. One of the most promising alternatives is to use enzymes as catalysts for PET depolymerization to its monomers, but this route still needs improvement, especially regarding titer and productivity. In the present work, a sequential approach comprised of fractional factorial and central composite rotatable designs, the path of steepest ascent and one-way evaluation of variable effect, was performed to address these limitations, during assorted post-consumer PET (PC-PET) hydrolysis catalyzed by Humicola insolens cutinase. The highest terephthalic acid concentration and productivity during PC-PET hydrolysis were 100.9 mM (16.8 g/L) and 14.4 mM/day, corresponding to overall improvements of 10-fold and 20-fold, respectively. These data are among the best results described so far for enzyme-catalyzed hydrolysis of used PET packages. Also, the use of a single enzyme system, instead of multiple biocatalysts to achieve final conversion of PET to its monomers, lowers the process complexity and costs.

关键词： Photosystem II   Water splitting complex   Excitation-emission fluorescence   PARAFAC   Unsupervised classification   pH   PHOTOSYSTEM-II   CONFORMATIONAL-CHANGES   CHEMOMETRIC ANALYSIS   EXTRINSIC PROTEINS   MANGANESE OXIDE   3-WAY METHODS   OLIVE OILS   SPECTROSCOPY   MECHANISM   MODEL  

摘要： The potential of excitation-emission fluorescence spectroscopy combined with three-way analysis was investigated for discriminating the photosystem II (PSII) (with the water-oxidizing complex) and without the water-oxidizing complex (wPSII) using unsupervised classification methods. The water-oxidizing complex within PSII carry out the reaction of water splitting which is as a vital process on the earth. Therefore, discriminating the presence of the water-oxidizing complex in protein samples is crucial. Low cost and accurate spectroscopic determination of the amount of clusters inside PSII or any other protein containing species are important when investigating the inclusion and exclusion of such clusters into and from species. Fluorescence data of samples were similar, and we showed the potential usefulness of multivariate methods, such as parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC) and principal component analysis (PCA) for recognition of the two types of samples. Both techniques were applied to the excitation-emission fluorescence matrices (EEM) of solutions at two of different pH values (2.0 and 12.0). Three fluorescent components were found for all samples that are related to tyrosine (Tyr), tryptophan (Trp) and phenylalanine (Phe) amino acids. These three amino acids are representative of all datasets and indicate their similarities and differences. We then found the effectual wavelengths for separation of samples in a specific acidity, including the excitation wavelengths of 220 and 230 nm and the emission wavelengths of 300 and 305 nm. The acidity of the solutions has various influences on the conformation of proteins. In PSII and PSII the without water-oxidizing complex samples conformational changes can change their spectra which was applied for discrimination purpose. This separation was better in pH = 12.0. We also showed the effect of time on small conformational changes within datasets were higher in pH = 2.0. In the end, for indicating the high distribution of

关键词： North America   Metals   Technological style   Craft production   Colonialism   FORT ST JOSEPH   LATE 16TH   CONTACT   OBJECTS  

摘要： This article presents results of attribute analysis of copper-base metal artifacts from early colonial upper Great Lakes archaeological contexts. Patterns of variation were identified, providing evidence for cultural and technological heterogeneity in the production methods and uses of such objects through time at a regional scale. Interrelated factors that influenced observed artifact attributes include contexts of use and deposition, sociallystructured trading partnerships causing differential availability of raw material, and aesthetic preferences of craftworkers or their communities. Results demonstrate the utility of comparing technological practices evident in diverse material assemblages to investigate regional-scale interaction in contexts of colonialism and intercultural contact.

关键词： L1 use   English language teaching   adult migrant learners   bilingual teachers   code-switching   1ST LANGUAGE  

摘要： The first language (L1) of language learners is a rich source of language knowledge that bilingual teachers and learners can bring to classrooms to facilitate second-language (L2) acquisition. While previous research suggests that L1 can provide learners with cognitive, pedagogical, and psychological benefits, what functions that it performs and how it supports language learning has not been thoroughly explored. This study aims to investigate different functions of L1 use in a beginner English class for 17 adult migrants in Australia through analysing teacher-students and students-students classroom interactions. Data were collected from lesson recordings, classroom observations and two interviews with the English-Chinese bilingual teacher. This study provides a refined categorisation of L1 functions through speech data rather than teacher's self-reports. Results show that the L1 was frequently used by the teacher for pedagogical purposes, classroom environment control and social relationship building. In particular, the L1 was mainly used for eliciting answers, giving classroom instructions and explaining meanings, and it was employed by learners to ask questions, give responses when they lacked the necessary skills in the target language, and to offer peer assistance. This study has implications for bilingual language support and learning materials design for beginner adult learners.

关键词： SPECTRAL-SPATIAL CLASSIFICATION   FRAMEWORK  

摘要： In this letter, a new deep learning framework, which integrates textural features of gray level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM) into convolutional neural networks (CNNs) is proposed for hyperspectral images (HSIs) classification using limited number of labeled samples. The proposed method can be implemented in three steps. Firstly, the GLCM textural features are extracted from the first principal component after the principal components analysis (PCA) transformation. Secondly, a CNN is built to extract the deep spectral features from the original HSIs, and the features are concatenated with the textural features obtained in the first step in a concat layer of CNN. Finally, softmax is employed to generate classification maps at the end of the framework. In this way, the CNN focuses on the learning of spectral features only, and the generated textural features are used directly as one set of features before softmax. These lead to the reduction of the requirements for the size of training samples and the improvement of computing efficiency. The experimental results are presented for three HSIs and compared with several advanced deep learning and spectral-spatial classification techniques. The competitive classification accuracy can be obtained, especially when only a limited number of training samples are available.

关键词： 糖尿病   血清C肽   糖化血红蛋白   诊断   检验  

摘要： 目的分析研讨血清C肽联合糖化血红蛋白检验诊断糖尿病的临床作用。方法方便抽取该院2016年4月—2018年5月收治的糖尿病患者76例(研究组),另从该院同时期体检健康者中抽取76名作为对照组,均接受血清C肽和糖化血红蛋白检验,分析比较诊断作用。结果研究组餐后2h血糖(9.58±2.18)mmol/L、空腹血糖(9.58±2.18)mmol/L、血清C肽(0.88±0.08)μg/L、糖化血红蛋白(11.76±0.36)%均高于对照组餐后2h血糖(4.21±0.68)mmol/L、空腹血糖(4.69±1.42)mmol/L、血清C肽(1.29±0.67)μg/L、糖化血红蛋白(5.01±0.69)%,组间数据差异有统计学意义(t=20.5004、24.0931、5.2971、75.6104,P=0.0000、0.0000、0.0000、0.0000)。结论联合检测血清C肽与糖化血红蛋白对诊断糖尿病有积极意义,可降低疾病漏诊率,提升诊断准确性,值得推广。