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关键词： 标准化   工序过程   检验体系   标准样品   不确定度  

摘要： 企业工序过程标准化检验体系建设,可以促进企业的经验化向标准化转变,有利于企业的快速成长。对检验体系建设中标准样品不确定度的研究与应用,有利于企业对产品的质量提高,降低生产成本,增加经济效益。为标准化在既定范围内获得最佳秩序,促进共同效益提供保证。

关键词： 建筑工程合同   合同保全制度   次债务人   债权债务关系   债权人   合法性   代位权   债的保全  

摘要： 建筑工程合同的保全作为合同保全制度的一种,是对债的保全。然而如何在实际工作中有效使用建筑工程合同保全制度,是每个建设工程相关单位必须考虑的问题。建筑工程合同的保全形式建筑工程合同的保全,也就是合同的保全,它是通过债权人行使代位权、撤销权的形式而实现的。(一)代位权的行使要件1.合法性。债权人对债务人的债权合法,是行使代位权的首要条件。即债权人与之债务人之间存在合法的债权债务关系,债权人对债务人享有合法的债权。同理,债务人对次债务人的债权也必须是合法的债权。

关键词： 中美贸易摩擦   贸易政策   不确定性   外贸转型升级   评价指数  

摘要： 逻辑分析表明,中美在贸易、金融、投资、科技等领域的摩擦势必造成中国"被动式跟进型"贸易等政策的不确定性,且摩擦的周期性反复将常态化、长期化,对我国正式实施的外贸产业转型升级将产生重大影响。对此,本文通过测度2007-2017年中美贸易政策不确定性指数及对外贸易转型升级指数,构建省际面板数据模型检验贸易政策不确定性对我国对外贸易转型升级的作用机制。全样本回归结果表明贸易政策不确定性的提高会抑制我国对外贸易转型升级进程,分地区样本回归结果表明贸易政策不确定性对我国各个地区对外贸易转型升级的影响程度、影响时间都呈现出差异性。根据上述结论,政府和企业要动态处理贸易政策不确定性与外贸产业转型升级的关系,实行差异化的区域政策制度,要充分考虑贸易伙伴国的政治和经济因素,以规避贸易国贸易政策不确定性对外贸产业升级带来的抑制作用。

关键词： 劳动合同   合同文本   电子文档   内容要素   劳动用工   网络化时代   电子数据   司法实践  

摘要： 入职函即入职通知书。劳动用工过程中,记载了劳动合同主要内容的入职函具有劳动合同的功能,在没有劳动合同书的情况下可以视同为劳动合同。电子化、网络化时代,劳动合同的认定应当展现更大的灵活性和包容性。只要具备劳动合同的全部或主要内容要素,即使格式不规范,甚至是以非纸质的电子文档、电子数据存在的文本,在没有纸质劳动合同书的情况下,也可以认定为是劳动合同。

关键词： 标本   检验前质量控制   质量指标   检验质量  

摘要： 目的监测国家卫生计康委下发的6项检验前质量控制指标,并制定整改措施,提高标本及检验质量。方法回顾整理该院2017年和2018年全年检验数据,统计分析检验前6项质量指标(标本类型错误率、容器错误率、采集量错误率、抗凝标本凝集率,溶血率、血培养污染率),并针对不合格原因制定改进措施。结果2017全年标本数为581990例,其中不合格标本820例,不合格率为14.1/万例,2018全年标本数为696161例,不合格标本481例,不合格率为6.9/万例,不合格率明显降低,二者统计学差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),与2017年比较,检验前6项质量指标率均有下降,其中标本类型错误率、采集量错误率降低明显,两者差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论检验科通过检测质量指标并制定有效整改措施,使得检验标本不合格率明显降低,提升了检验标本质量,保证了检验结果的可靠性。

关键词： Spatial heterodyne spectroscopy   Raman spectroscopy   diode-pumped solid-state   DPSS   chemical analysis   INDUCED BREAKDOWN SPECTROSCOPY   SPECTROMETER   LINE  

摘要： Spatial heterodyne spectroscopy (SHS) is used for quantitative analysis and classification of liquid samples. SHS is a version of a Michelson interferometer with no moving parts and with diffraction gratings in place of mirrors. The instrument converts frequency-resolved information into a spatially resolved one and records it in the form of interferograms. The back-extraction of spectral information is done by the fast Fourier transform. A SHS instrument is constructed with the resolving power 5000 and spectral range 522-593 nm. Two original technical solutions are used as compared to previous SHS instruments: the use of a high-frequency diode-pumped solid-state laser for excitation of Raman spectra and a microscope-based collection system. Raman spectra are excited at 532 nm at the repetition rate 80 kHz. Raman shifts between 330 cm(-1) and 1600 cm(-1) are measured. A new application of SHS is demonstrated: for the first time, it is used for quantitative Raman analysis to determine concentrations of cyclohexane in isopropanol and glycerol in water. Two calibration strategies are employed: univariate based on the construction of a calibration plot and multivariate based on partial least squares regression. The detection limits for both cyclohexane in isopropanol and glycerol in water are at a 0.5 mass% level. In addition to the Raman-SHS chemical analysis, classification of industrial oils (biodiesel, poly(1-decene), gasoline, heavy oil IFO380, polybutenes, and lubricant) is performed using the Raman-fluorescence spectra of the oils and principal component analysis. The oils are easily discriminated showing distinct non-overlapping patterns in the principal component space.

关键词： Biomarkers   Single-sample   Classification   Cancer   RNA-Seq   Microarray   TUMOR-EDUCATED PLATELETS   GENE-EXPRESSION   FEATURE-SELECTION   PAN-CANCER   MEDULLOBLASTOMA   ELIMINATION  

摘要： Background High-throughput gene expression profiles have allowed discovery of potential biomarkers enabling early diagnosis, prognosis and developing individualized treatment. However, it remains a challenge to identify a set of reliable and reproducible biomarkers across various gene expression platforms and laboratories for single sample diagnosis and prognosis. We address this need with our Data-Driven Reference (DDR) approach, which employs stably expressed housekeeping genes as references to eliminate platform-specific biases and non-biological variabilities. Results Our method identifies biomarkers with "built-in" features, and these features can be interpreted consistently regardless of profiling technology, which enable classification of single-sample independent of platforms. Validation with RNA-seq data of blood platelets shows that DDR achieves the superior performance in classification of six different tumor types as well as molecular target statuses (such as MET or HER2-positive, and mutant KRAS, EGFR or PIK3CA) with smaller sets of biomarkers. We demonstrate on the three microarray datasets that our method is capable of identifying robust biomarkers for subgrouping medulloblastoma samples with data perturbation due to different microarray platforms. In addition to identifying the majority of subgroup-specific biomarkers in CodeSet of nanoString, some potential new biomarkers for subgrouping medulloblastoma were detected by our method. Conclusions In this study, we present a simple, yet powerful data-driven method which contributes significantly to identification of robust cross-platform gene signature for disease classification of single-patient to facilitate precision medicine. In addition, our method provides a new strategy for transcriptome analysis.

关键词： 实验室检验   方法内容   临床诊断   作用意义  

摘要： 分析实验室检验在兽医临床诊断中应用作用。通过对2015年1月~2018年10月翻阅实验室检验相关应用文献与资料,对其总结、整理归纳。表明实验室检验在兽医临床诊断中具有显著效果,为动物疫情与患病动物检验提供了可靠的依据。说明实验室检验在兽医临床诊断中是必不可缺的重要环节,可以有效帮助兽医进行疫情监测与改善免疫抗体等,并且促进传统兽医诊断向现代化医疗转型。