关键词:
创业活跃度
固定效应模型
随机森林
绿色金融
摘要:
创业不仅可以活跃经济、提供就业岗位改善民生,还可以促进协同创新赋能高质量发展。由此,为探究数字化转型背景下创业活跃度的影响因素,本文选择了2011~2021年的全国31个省份的面板数据,从全局的角度出发,综合考虑已有研究中所涉及的22个因素对创业活跃度的影响。首先,考虑到创业活跃度影响因素间的相关性,本文通过利用因子分析对变量进行降维;其次,利用固定效应模型探究各因子对创业活跃度的影响效应;最后,考虑到影响因素众多,为确切地分析各因素对创业活跃度的影响程度,本文利用随机森林对变量重要性进行分析。分析结果显示:数字化水平、社会经济和创业成本显著影响于创业活跃度,影响度最大的绿色金融的发展目前对地方创业活跃起着抑制作用。虽然绿色转型已成为目前企业发展的主要方向,但是由于目前绿色金融市场的目标客户仍是“大型”和“重污”企业,加上较为单一的产品使得小微企业很难在其中找到自己的位置,从而抑制了创业活跃度。本文的结论对于促进数字化转型背景下地方创业活跃度具有重要的启示意义。Entrepreneurship can not only activate the economy, provide jobs and improve people’s livelihood, but also promote collaborative innovation and empower high-quality development. To explore the factors influencing entrepreneurial activity in the context of digital transformation, this study utilizes panel data from 31 provinces across China from 2011 to 2021. It takes a holistic approach, considering the impact of 22 factors from existing research on entrepreneurial activity. Firstly, considering the correlation between factors affecting entrepreneurial activity, this article uses factor analysis to reduce the dimensionality of variables. Secondly, using the fixed-effect model, we explore the impact of various factors on entrepreneurial activity. Finally, considering the numerous influencing factors, in order to accurately analyze the impact of each factor on entrepreneurial activity, this article uses random forest to analyze the importance of variables. The analysis results show that the level of digitalization, socio-economic factors, and entrepreneurial costs significantly affect entrepreneurial activity. The development of green finance, which has the greatest impact, currently has an inhibitory effect on local entrepreneurial activity. Although green transformation has become the main direction of enterprise development, due to the fact that the target customers of the current green financial market are still “large” and “heavy pollution” enterprises, coupled with relatively single products, it is difficult for small and micro enter