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关键词： Tidal stream   Counter-rotating   Multi-objective numerical optimization   HYDRODYNAMIC PERFORMANCE   DESIGN   POWER  

摘要： In order to exploit renewable energies from tidal stream, tandem propellers of a unique counter-rotating type horizontal-axis tidal turbine was firstly designed based on the blade element momentum (BEM) theory. And then a multi-objective numerical optimization method coupled the response surface method (RSM) with the genetic algorithm (GA) was employed to obtain desirable blade profiles. The front blade pitch angle distribution was taken as optimization variable in this paper, as it plays an important role in affecting the inlet conditions of the rear blade. The numerical results show that both optimization objectives of power coefficient and thrust coefficient can be significantly improved. It was verified that the performance of the power unit with the optimized blades increases obviously by optimizing the pitch angle. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： T2DM   Obesity   Sirtuin 1   Fetuin A   Fenofibrate   Pioglitazone   FETUIN-A   OXIDATIVE STRESS   ASSOCIATION   METABOLISM   MARKERS   DISEASE   ADIPONECTIN   MECHANISMS   EXPRESSION   CYTOKINES  

摘要： Aims: The aim of the current study is to investigate the effect of fenofibrate alone and in combination with pioglitazone on serum sirtuin 1 and fetuin A of obese patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). Methods: Intervention effect on inflammatory parameters was assessed before and after treatment. The study was conducted on 60 postmenopausal females of whom, only 44 patients completed the study. They were distributed as follows; obese patients without T2DM (n = 15) who administered fenofibrate (160 mg/day) once for 8 weeks, obese patients with T2DM (n = 15) who administered fenofibrate (160 mg/day) once for 8 weeks, obese patients with T2DM (n = 14) who administered fenofibrate (160 mg/day) and pioglitazone (15 mg/day) combination once for 8 weeks. We measured fasting plasma glucose, glycated hemoglobin (HbA(1c)), serum lipids. Inflammatory markers (high sensitivity C-reactive protein "hs-CRP'', interleukin-6 "IL-6'', fetuin A, and sirtuin 1) of patients were measured in serum using enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA) kits. Results: Sirtuin 1 levels in obese patients with T2DM were significantly lower than its levels in obese patients while fetuin A levels were significantly higher (P < 0.001). Fenofibrate, alone and in combination with pioglitazone, significantly decreased triacylglycerol, hs-CRP, IL-6, fetuin A and increased sirtuin 1 levels (P < 0.001) which suggests that it can be used to delay the complications of obesity and T2DM. There is a strong correlation between fetuin A, sirtuin 1, IL-6 and hs-CRP levels suggesting a shared common pathway. Conclusions: Fenofibrate was shown to increase serum sirtuin 1 and decrease serum fetuin A levels in obese patients. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： locally Euclidean metric   isometric embedding   isometric immersion   cylindrical surface   planar graph  

摘要： It is proved that a locally Euclidean metric on a circular annulus admitting an isometric immersion in R-2 which is multivalued of cylindrical type can be isometrically embedded in R-3 as a cylindrical surface.

关键词： Clutches (Machinery)  

摘要： The article offers brief information on Euclid clutch, a self-adjusting 15.5' model, from Meritor Inc.

关键词： Steller's eider   Spectacled eider   Immunoglobulin Y   Maternal transfer   Egg yolk   Passive immunity   IMMUNE FUNCTION   ANTIBODIES   TRANSMISSION   REPERTOIRE   DECLINE   CHICKEN   QUALITY  

摘要： Steller's eiders and spectacled eiders are sea duck species whose populations have declined significantly and infectious diseases could influence offspring survival. Therefore, the maternal transfer of immunoglobulin Y (IgY) into yolk was investigated in captive Steller's and spectacled eiders during the 2007-2013 breeding seasons. This project had two objectives: establish baseline IgY levels in Steller's and spectacled eider yolk under controlled captive conditions and evaluate the effect of year, laying date, egg fertility, egg incubation duration, individual hen, hen age and mass, and laying order to determine which variables influenced IgY levels. Average IgY concentrations were 0.03-0.48 mg ml(-1) in Steller's eider yolk and 0.10-0.51 mg ml(-1) in spectacled eider yolk. The year and individual hen influenced IgY concentration in Steller's and spectacled eider yolk. The laying date was negatively correlated with egg IgY levels for most Steller's eider hens, but laying order was positively correlated with egg IgY concentration for spectacled eiders. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： Clutches (Machinery)  

摘要： The article offers brief information on the Eaton Procision line of dual-clutch transmissions introduced by Navistar International Corp.

关键词： Immune cell   Cell adhesion   Chemokine   Integrin   Single-molecule   LATERAL MOBILITY   ACTIVATION   AFFINITY   CONFORMATION   DISTINCT   RATHER  

摘要： Integrin LFA-1 regulates immune cell adhesion and trafficking by binding to ICAM-1 upon chemokine stimulation. Integrin-mediated clutch formation between extracellular ICAM-1 and the intracellular actin cytoskeleton is important for cell adhesion. We applied single-molecule tracking analysis to LFA-1 and ICAM-1 in living cells to examine the ligand-binding kinetics and mobility of the molecular clutch under chemokine-induced physiological adhesion and Mn2+-induced tight adhesion. Our results show a transient LFA-1-mediated clutch formation that lasts a few seconds and leads to a transient lower-mobility is sufficient to promote cell adhesion. Stable clutch formation was observed for Mn2+-induced high affinity LFA-1, but was not required for physiological adhesion. We propose that fast cycling of the clutch formation by intermediate-affinity integrin enables dynamic cell adhesion and migration. (C) 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc.

关键词： 国内主流   商用车   汽车技术   乘用车   工程机械   产品开发阶段   战略合作关系   技术优势   汽车离合器   技术发展  

摘要： 企业需要技术,但仅靠自己的技术力量是不够的。整车与零部件企业应该注重新产品开发阶段的合作,充分发挥各自的技术优势,建立稳定的、相互信任的战略合作关系,从而确保所开发的产品质优价廉。2015年7月10日,由浙江铁流离合器股份有限公司主办的＂2015中国离合器发展趋势和战略高峰论坛＂在杭州举办。本届论坛邀请了国内主流商用车、乘用车、发动机、农业机械、工程机械、科研院校等行业和领域的学者和技术专家,100多名代表汇聚一堂,共同探讨了中国离合器市场的未来发展,涉及主题包括离合器企业如何应对全球汽车技术变革、