关键词:
organic photovoltaics
high performance
side chain modification
superior photostability
intermolecular interaction
NON-FULLERENE ACCEPTORS
摘要:
Precisely controlling bulk heterojunction (BHJ) morphology through molecular design is one of the main longstanding challenges in developing high-performance organic solar cells (OSCs). Herein, three small molecule acceptors (SMAs) with different side chains (methyl, 2-ethylhexyl, and 2-decyl tetradecyl on benzotriazole unit), namely R-M, R-EH, R-DTD, were designed and synthesized. Such side-chain engineering can effectively modulate the intermolecular interactions between acceptor/acceptor (A/A) and donor/A (D/A) molecules, thereby fine-tuning the bulk microstructures of BHJ active layer systems. Compared with R-M and R-DTD, R-EH shows stronger A/A and D/A interactions with donor PM6, which delivers improved BHJ networks with better molecular ordering, enhancing charge transport and extraction properties. Consequently, PM6:R-EH not only performs a competitive device efficiency of over 18% but also exhibits excellent operation stability without obvious degradation behaviors among the three systems. This study deepens the synergistic effects of A/A and D/A interactions on BHJ morphology to achieve industrially viable OSCs with high device efficiency and stability.