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关键词： Water deficit   Passion fruit   Gulupa   Gene expression   Stomatal conductance   PLANT-GROWTH   GENE   TOLERANCE   ACCLIMATION   IMPROVEMENT   MECHANISMS   PROTEINS   PROLINE   PEEL  

摘要： Water deficit stress is responsible for at least 40 % of crop losses worldwide, positioning itself as a strong threat to food security. Purple passion fruit (Passifiora edulis Sims f. edulis) is one of the most desirable exotic fruits on the world market mainly for its organoleptic properties. Information on the response to water deficit stress for purple passion fruit is scarce and in some cases contradictory. Therefore, the objective of the present work was to evaluate the morphological, physiological, biochemical and transcriptional response of purple passion fruit during water deficit and depict its strategy. The response of purple passion fruit plants to two water deficit treatments (T1 : 50 % of irrigation, T2: 0% of irrigation compared to control) was evaluated during 40 days of stress, measuring changes in physiological variables related to growth and water relations, as well as the content of metabolites related to stress and the expression of genes associated with drought stress. Results show that the plant prevents water loss, by stomata closure, modulation of growth and accumulation of proline and sugars, while promoting root growth, features associated with tolerance to water deficit. At the expression level, early transcriptional activation of PeDREB2A and PeRD21A were detected in plants under the most severe stress, while PeGO LS1 and PeAFL1 upregulation were observed in plants under milder stress. These results suggest that purple passion fruit plants display an isohydric behavior and evade water deficit stress as a response strategy, where loss of water is avoided.

关键词： Antioxidant enzyme   Growth   Flooding stress   PCA   Physiological   Spinacia oleracea L.   LIPID-PEROXIDATION   HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE   DROUGHT   RESPONSES   GROWTH   HYPOXIA   LEAVES   NACL   SUPEROXIDE   TOLERANCE  

摘要： Recently, flooding stress caused by nonuniform and excessive rainfall, which occurs in most regions of the world due to global climate change, has adversely affected plant growth and development. In many regions, spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) is severely affected by flooding stress during the cultivation period. This study aimed to determine the effects of flooding stress on the morpho-physiological and biochemical properties of spinach in different harvest times. The changes in the morpho-physiological and biochemical parameters of spinach were determined at two levels of stress, including no stress and flooding stress, as well as five different harvesting times. The results demonstrate that while flooding stress reduced some growth parameters such as chlorophyll a, b and protein content, it caused statistically significant increases in proline, hydrogen peroxide (HO), malon-dialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and peroxidase (POD) activity. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) showed that first and second components explained 71.59 % and 73.50 % of variation under no stress and flooding stress conditions, respectively. Correlation and PCA analysis revealed that relative leaf water content (LWC), membrane damage, and chlorophyll a and b are important parameters as they are affected in response to flooding stress. Thus, the flooding stress occurring at harvest times negatively affected the growth and development of spinach and caused significant changes in the morpho-physiological and biochemical properties.

关键词： Age   in vitrofertilization   biochemical pregnancy loss   single embryo transfer   EMBRYO-TRANSFER   ANEUPLOIDY   WOMEN  

摘要： Introduction As women age, the increasing rate of aneuploidy lead to an augmentation in the incidence of clinical miscarriages. It was anticipated that biochemical pregnancy rates would also rise with maternal age. However, no study has previously evaluated the effect of maternal age on biochemical pregnancy rates. Material and methods A retrospective cohort study of 2177 subjects who underwent single embryo transfer (SET) as part of a fresh or thawed IVF cycle were recruited from 2008 through 2012, resulting in 952 pregnancies. Data was stratified for age and compared using analysis of variance (continuous data) and chi-squared tests (categorical data). Results The likelihood of a clinical miscarriage increased with age (p < .001). Surprisingly, advancing age had no effect on the biochemical pregnancy loss rate (p = .72) (Age 21-30 y: 10.7%, Age 31-35 y:9.8%, Age 36-40y:11.5%, Age 41-42 y:13.6%). Conclusions Biochemical pregnancy loss rate did not increase as a function of age in women 21 to 42 years of age.

关键词： 慕课   应用型本科院校   食品化学实验   教学改革  

摘要： 在互联网技术不断普及应用下,推动"互联网+教育"是我国当前教育主流趋势,这在很大程度上改变了以往传统教育教学模式.而慕课作为其产物,将其运用到"食品化学实验"课程中,可以提升学生生实践能力,增强师生互动性,从而有效提升课程教育质量,促使学生更好的发展.本文首先阐述了慕课的概念,其次分析了当前应用型本科院校"食品化学实验"课程现状,并提出了慕课下的课程教学改革实践方法.

关键词： 逆向教学设计   深度课堂   核心素养   生物化学  

摘要： 以生物化学为例,首先对课堂教学中存在的“浅层教学”和“浅层学习”现象进行深刻反思,然后论述了深度课堂的价值意蕴和基本内涵,并提出了深度课堂构建的教学逻辑,即从学情分析、教学目标和教学评价三个方面进行逆向教学设计,在此基础上通过深度教学和深度学习两个维度来构建深度课堂,从而实现核心素养培育目标。最后对深度课堂构建进行了展望。

关键词： 金课   植物生物化学   农林类专业   高质量人才  

摘要： 植物生物化学是国内高等农林院校相关专业学生需要掌握的重要基础知识,对农林类专业人才的培养尤为重要.为顺应教育部提出的淘汰"水课"、打造"金课"的教学理念,本文紧扣"两性一度",围绕农林院校相关专业特点和学生的知识结构、学习方法、学习兴趣等,具有针对性的探讨分析植物生物化学一流课程建设途径与思路,力争将该课程建设成为一门"金课"并在国内进行推广,为培养符合新时代中国特色社会主义需求的创新型、高质量人才提供参考与借鉴.

关键词： 生物制药   化学制药   研究进展   发展趋势  

摘要： 生物化学制药是保障新药研发及药品安全的重要技术.我国人口基数大,每天的药品消耗都是一个天文数字.随着人民生活水平的提高,健康与安全已经成为了人民追求的主基调.因此,生物化学制药行业已经成为了促进我国GDP增长的重要行业之一.随着科学技术的不断发展,各种新兴技术不断应用于生物化学制药行业中,促进我国生物化学制药行业不断飞速发展.

关键词： 核心素养   费曼技巧   生物化学  

摘要： 将生物学科核心素养渗透、融合在学科课程这一载体中,并依托有效的教学方法来实现教师核心素养培育这一目标,是未来师范生落实好《普通高中生物课程标准》的重要前提。本文以生物化学课程为例,首先介绍"费曼技巧"教学方法的定义,然后从课程教学设计和课程教学行为两个层面,分析了开展教师核心素养培育的基本要求,最后根据《普通高中生物课程标准》,提出了基于"费曼技巧"的教师核心素养内涵(人文素养、专业素养、创新素养、诊断素养和信息素养)和外延(学会学习、个性化发展、交流协作、情境创设等),为教师核心素养培育提供新视角。

关键词： 《食品微生物学》   教学改革   兴趣教学   移动互联网  

摘要： 《食品微生物学》是微生物学的分支学科,主要研究微生物的种类、结构与代谢机理、微生物与食品的关系、微生物的保藏等方面内容的一门科学。因其具有内容概念抽象、微生物种类繁多、代谢途径复杂,且知识量大、难理解等特点,为教学工作的顺利进行带来了较大的压力。近年来,随着移动互联网技术的发展,传统的教学方式在《食品微生物学》教学中存在的问题越发突出,急需实施教学改革。《食品微生物学》教学改革的重点是消除学生的倦怠心理,激发学生的学习兴趣,营造良好的课堂氛围,改善教学效果。通过传统教学与网络教学相结合,提高教学改革效果。本文对教育信息化时代《食品微生物学》的兴趣教学改革进行探讨。

关键词： Glycosyltransferase   Crystal structure   Nucleoside Diphosphate   Catalytic mechanism   ENZYMATIC-SYNTHESIS   CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE   BIOSYNTHESIS   REVEALS   GLYCOSYLATION   PROMISCUITY   GLYCOSIDES   SYNTHASE   FEATURES   SET  

摘要： Glycosylation possess prominent biological and pharmacological significance in natural product and drug candidate synthesis. The glycosyltransferase YjiC, discovered from Bacillus subtilis (Bs-YjiC), shows potential applications in drug development due to its wide substrate spectrums. In order to elucidate its catalytic mechanism, we solved the crystal structure of Bs-YjiC, demonstrating that Bs-YjiC adopts a typical GT-B fold consisting of a flexible N-domain and a relatively rigid C-domain. Structural analysis coupled with site-directed mutagenesis studies revealed that site Ser277 was critical for Nucleoside Diphosphate (NDP) recognition, while Glu317, Gln318, Ser128 and Ser129 were crucial for glycosyl moiety recognition. Our results illustrate the structural basis for acceptor promiscuity in Bs-YjiC and provide a starting point for further protein engineering of Bs-YjiC in industrial and pharmaceutical applications. (C) 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.