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关键词： Ferroelectric oxide   Barium strontium titanate   Ruditapes decussatus   Clearance rate   Biochemical biomarkers   EXPOSURE-DOSE-RESPONSE   MYTILUS-GALLOPROVINCIALIS   OXIDATIVE STRESS   ANADARA-TRAPEZIA   ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE ACTIVITY   ENVIRONMENTAL-POLLUTION   CORBICULA-FLUMINEA   TIO2 NANOPARTICLES   CRASSOSTREA-GIGAS   CELLULAR STRESS  

摘要： Here, the effects of a newly designed ferroelectric oxide synthesized by solid reaction, barium strontium titanate [BST (85/15)1 (Ba0.85Sr0.15TiO3), on the carpet shell clam Ruditapes decussatus were investigated. These clams were exposed to four concentrations of BST (85/15) nanoparticles (0.001, 0.01, 0.1, and 1 mg.L-1), and BST (85/15) was absorbed by R. decussatus in an exposure intensity-dependent manner. Measurements of clearance rate and biomarkers confirmed that the nanoparticles significantly affected the health of clams in an organ-dependent manner. Interestingly, BST (85/15) nanoparticles stimulated acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity in the clams, suggesting their usefulness as antagonists of AChE inhibiting pollutants. These findings demonstrate the suitability of R. decussatus as a test organism to provide a framework for understanding the toxicological effects of these newly designed ferroelectrics. Moreover, concentrations of BST (85/15) < 0.1 mg.L-1 could be good alternatives to lead-based ferroelectric oxides and could be sustainable tools for use in electronic applications. (C) 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： Pesticides mixtures   Long-term exposure   Low dose exposure   Oxidative stress   Neurotoxicity   OXIDATIVE STRESS   CHEMICALS   DEFICITS  

摘要： Humans are usually exposed to multiple pesticides in real life, but little is known as yet about the safety of low-dose pesticides mixtures. This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of long-term exposure to very low doses of pesticide mixtures on biochemical, histological, and neurobehavioral alterations in the rat model. For 90 days, four groups of male Wistar rats were given a mixture of five pesticides (in drinking water) in doses of 0, 0.25, 1 and 5 times the legally permitted levels (mg/kg body weight/day). After three-month exposure, the neurobehavioral effects of pesticide mixtures were evaluated by the Morris water maze, elevated plus maze and the open field tests. Then the biochemical and histopathological alterations in the hippocampus of studied animals were evaluated. Results showed that long-term exposure to a combination of five pesticides affected the nervous system in dose-dependent manner. As expected, nearly all of the parameters determined in this study were adversely changed in the high dose group. Exposure to medium dose (permitted level of pesticides mixture) was also able to induce oxidative stress and impaired memory and learning ability, although not all parameters were significantly changed in this group. It means that pesticides may behave differently when mixed. Interestingly, the administration of low doses of these chemicals induced an adaptive response by stimulating the redox system. In conclusion, it seems that the prolonged exposure to pesticide mixtures may cause adverse neurobehavioral effects, even at permitted levels. (C) 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： SARS-CoV-2   Dengue fever   Co-infection   Syndemic  

摘要： Originated in Wuhan, China, the coronavirus 19 disease (COVID-19) has quickly spread worldwide, reaching countries that already faced other endemics and epidemics. In Brazil, such a concerning situation includes arboviruses, among which the dengue virus stands out. Here, we determined the rate of SARS-CoV-2/dengue virus co-infection in a total of 178 patients with COVID-19 symtoms admitted into a large public hospital of the Federal District of Brazil. Furthermore, we evaluated whether prior or active dengue virus infection influenced hematological, biochemical, and clinical parameters of such patients. One hundred and twelve (63%) individuals tested positive for COVID-19, of which 43 (38.4%) were co-infected with dengue virus, and 50 (44.6%) had antibodies indicative of previous dengue infection. Co-infected patients showed lower numbers of circulating lymphocytes and monocytes, higher glucose rates, and a worse pulmonary condition. Of note, prior infections with dengue virus did not influence clinical parameters, but active dengue fever resulted in higher hospitalization rate. In conclusion, amid the current complex epidemiological scenario in Brazil, our data support the notion that SARS-CoV-2 and dengue co-infection affects an important percentage of COVID-19 patients and leads to worse clinical parameters, requiring greater attention from health authorities.

关键词： Olive mill solid waste   Soft hydrothermal pre-treatment   Anaerobic co-digestion   Microalgae   Kinetics   ANAEROBIC-DIGESTION   MICROBIAL COMMUNITY   BIOGAS PRODUCTION   FOOD WASTE   INITIAL PH   RICE STRAW   KINETICS   IMPACT   MICROALGAE   RESIDUE  

摘要： The aim of the present work was to compare the mesophilic anaerobic digestion of untreated olive mill solid waste (OMSW), soft hydrothermal pre-treated OMSW (SHP OMSW), and a co-digestion mixture of 95% OMSW and 5% microalgaDunaliella salina(co-OMSW). During the co-digestion experiment, the volatile fatty acid accumulation decreased in comparison with that obtained for OMSW and SHP OMSW, reducing the slight inhibition observed during the OMSW and SHP OMSW experiments. Final values of methane yield of 380 +/- 1 mL CH(4)g(-1)VS(added)for the OMSW, 424 +/- 2 mL CH(4)g(-1)VS(added)for the SHP OMSW, and 491 +/- 1 mL CH(4)g(-1)VS(added)for the co-OMSW were determined. Two mathematical models, first-order kinetics and modified Gompertz model, were employed to fit the experimental data with the aim of elucidating the anaerobic biodegradation and obtain the kinetic constants. Both models allowed for adequately fitting the experimental results of methane production with time. The kinetic constant,k, of the first-order model increased by 12% for the co-OMSW compared with the values achieved for OMSW and SHP OMSW. The modified Gompertz model revealed that the maximum methane production rate,R-m, for the co-OMSW and SHP OMSW increased by 34.7% and 10.3% compared with the value obtained for OMSW.

关键词： Prostate cancer   Biochemical recurrence   Mapping of recurrence   Choline PET   CT   PSMA PET   CT   POSITRON-EMISSION-TOMOGRAPHY   SALVAGE RADIOTHERAPY   CANCER PATIENTS   SURVIVAL   PSA   METASTASES   FAILURE  

摘要： Background Salvage radiotherapy (RT) (+/- androgen deprivation therapy (ADT)) is often used as a treatment in patients with biochemical recurrence (BCR) following radical prostatectomy (RP). Unfortunately, even after RT +/- ADT, a significant number of patients will develop 'second' BCR. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of postoperative treatments (adjuvant/salvage radiotherapy (RT) +/- androgen deprivation therapy) on the recurrence pattern in patients with BCR following RP assessed by 11C-Choline PET/CT or 68 Ga-PSMA PET/CT. Methods Patients who developed BCR following RP and who had at least one positive lesion on PET/CT were retrospectively assessed. Positive spots were mapped as local, lymph node (LN), skeletal or visceral recurrence. A distinction was made between locoregional (prostate bed and pelvic LN) and extrapelvic recurrence (skeletal, visceral and/or extrapelvic LN). Patients were categorized according to postoperative treatment received in three subgroups (RT, ADT and RT + ADT) and compared with the reference group (RP only). The impact of the radiation field was also investigated. Results We identified 200 patients assessed by Ga-68-PSMA-11 (80%) or C-11-Choline PET/CT (20%). Patients who received postoperative RT + ADT had less LN recurrence distal to the common iliac bifurcation (26.7% vs 66.6%; p = 0.0004), but more recurrence to retroperitoneal LN than the reference group (38% vs. 14.4%, p = 0.02). Moreover, the RT + ADT subgroup had more extrapelvic recurrence compared to the reference group (66.2% vs 40.8%, p = 0.02). Patients who received RT to the prostate bed had more recurrence distal to the common iliac bifurcation compared to those who received RT to the prostate bed + pelvic LN (51.6% vs 26.1%, p = 0.0069). Conclusion Post-prostatectomy treatments (ADT and/or RT) and the postoperative radiation field (prostate bed vs. prostate bed + pelvis) have a significant impact on the recurrence pattern. This knowledge can help cl

关键词： Candida tropicalis   Dicarboxylic acids   Kinetic modelling   Lipid accumulation   Mass balance   Bioconversion   CANDIDA-TROPICALIS   FATTY-ACIDS  

摘要： The potential use of different hydrophobic substrates (oleic acid, oleyl alcohol, methyl oleate and rapeseed oil) for the production of high concentrations of 9-octadecenedioic acid by the genetically engineered C. tropicalis ATCC-20962 yeast was researched. For comparison purposes, data for growth, intracellular triacylglyceride (TAG) accumulation and dicarboxylic acid (DCA) production were obtained for mathematical description using both known and newly adapted models. Fermentations were carried out in an aerated, stirred 2L-fermenter in which temperature (30 degrees C) and pH (8.2) were controlled automatically. Using oleic acid resulted in the highest DCA production, i.e. 31.3 g.L-1 in 144 h, as well as the highest intracellular TAG concentration (60.5 m%). Mass balance calculations proved that 35 % of the consumed oleic acid was used for TAG accumulation. The oleyl alcohol and rapeseed oil substrates showed high initial DCA production rates as well, however, after 80 h, DCA production stopped to reach a maximum. In contrast, with methyl oleate substrate, a very slow production was observed without approaching a maximum within the experimental time.

关键词： Metabolic cardiomyopathy   Dilated Cardiomyopathy   Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy   Restrictive Cardiomyopathy   Left-Ventricular Non-Compaction   Inborn Error Of Metabolism  

摘要： Inherited metabolic diseases account for 15-20% of all cases of pediatric cardiomyopathy, with a high mortality of 15-47%. Metabolic diseases can also commonly be associated with other types of cardiovascular involvement such as arrhythmias, valvulopathy or vasculopathy. We reviewed and updated the list of known metabolic etiologies associated with cardiovascular involvement, and found 246 relevant inborn errors of metabolism. This represents the fourth of a series of articles attempting to create and maintain a comprehensive list of clinical and metabolic differential diagnoses according to system involvement. Published by Elsevier Inc.

关键词： Heavy metal stress   Enzymatic antioxidant   Dill plants   Pseudomonas spp.   GROWTH-PROMOTING BACTERIA   HEAVY-METAL TOXICITY   OXIDATIVE STRESS   PSEUDOMONAS-AERUGINOSA   MEDIATED ALLEVIATION   POLLUTED SITES   L.   SOIL   TOLERANCE   STRAIN  

摘要： The accumulation of heavy metal in the soil is a serious concern for sustainable food production due to their toxic effects on plants and other living things. The strategies are required on urgent bases for the management of metal-contaminated soils. Thus, the microbes from the genusPseudomonaswere characterized for different traits and lead (Pb)-resistant ability and their effects were assessed on growth, photosynthesis, antioxidant capacity, and Pb uptake by dill (Anethum graveolensL.). Furthermore, soil basal respiration and induced respiration in soil were also assessed under microbes and Pb stress. Among the tested three strains,PseudomonasP159 and P150 were more tolerant to Pb stress thanPseudomonasP10, whereas P159 showed the highest values for phosphorus (P), siderophore, auxin, and hydrogen cyanide production. The bacterial inoculation increased the plant shoot dry weights, carbohydrates, proline, and chlorophyll contents under Pb stress. The catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POD) activities of the plants were higher in bacterial-treated plants than control. The bacterial inoculation decreased Pb concentration in plants, and the response varied with the type of microbes. The bacterial strains enhanced the soil basal and induced respiration than respective Pb treatments alone. Overall,PseudomonasP159 is potentially suitable for the remediation of Pb-contaminated soils.

关键词： Epilepsy   Vitamin D   Antiepileptic drugs   Polytherapy  

摘要： Purpose: Our aim was to investigate any adverse effects of long-term polytherapy (VPA and add-on-therapy) on bone biochemical markers in ambulatory children and adolescents with epilepsy and the possible benefits of vitamin D supplementation on the same markers. Methods: In this prospective interventional study, the levels of 25(OH)D and the bone turnover markers of CrossLaps (CTX), total alkaline phosphatase (tALP), osteoprotegerin (OPG), and the receptor activator for nuclear factor kB (RANK) ligand (sRANKL) were determined in forty-two ambulatory children with epilepsy on polytherapy (valproic acid + one or more other from levetiracetam, topiramate, lamotrigine, or rufinamide). The same markers were assessed after a year's supplementation of vitamin D (400 IU/d) and were compared with those of clinically healthy controls. The respective mean (+/- SD) ages were 11.9 +/- 4.6 and 11.4 +/- 4.4 yrs. Results: The basal mean 25(OH)D levels in the patients did not differ from controls (23.9 +/- 11.5 vs 27.4 +/- 13.3 ng/ml), but increased significantly after the vitamin D intake (31.1 +/- 13.3 ng/ml, p < 0.01). In parallel, basal serum CTX levels were found to be significantly lower in the patients than controls (0.89 +/- 0.63 vs 1.22 +/- 0.58 ng/ml, p < 0.02), but not tALP. Osteoprotegerin was higher in the patients (5.7 +/- 7.7 pmol/L vs 2.6 +/- 1.0 pmol/L, p < 0.03), while sRANKL did not differ. After vitamin D, the CTX levels increased to comparable levels in controls (0.99 +/- 0.57 ng/ml), and those of OPG decreased to levels that did not differ from controls (4.9 +/- 5.1 pmol/L). The ratio of OPG/sRANKL was higher in patients than controls before treatment (0.030 +/- 0.045 vs 0.009 +/- 0.005, p < 0.03), but decreased (0.026 +/- 0.038) to comparable values in controls later. Conclusions: These findings imply a lower bone turnover in the young patients on long-term polytherapy (VPA and add-on-therapy), but after one year's vitamin D intake, bone biochemical markers im