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关键词： 标本溶血   生化检验   常规检验   作用  

摘要： 目的:评估临床生化检验中标本溶血对检验结果的影响。方法:取2019年6月至2019年12月期间健康体检者血液样本作为对照组(47例,常规操作分离血清),选择同时期健康体检者的血液样本作为观察组(47例,人工方法溶血分离血清),将两组血液标本的情况进行分析。结果:观察组的三酰甘油(1.13±0.32)mmol/L、尿酸(287.58±62.17)μmol/L、肌酐(72.69±13.25)μmol/L和血尿素氮(6.08±1.44)mmol/L与对照组(1.02±0.41)mmol/L、(285.63±62.53)μmol/L、(74.56±13.51)μmol/L、(6.45±1.52)mmol/L相比,(P>0.05)无统计学意义。观察组血清白蛋白(38.66±4.81)g/L、丙氨酸转氨酶(33.75±11.51)U/L、天冬氨酸转氨酶(69.87±3.75)U/L、总蛋白(82.33±6.57)g/L、胆固醇(5.39±0.54)mmol/L大于对照组(30.18±2.63)g/L、(21.63±4.52)U/L、(55.23±2.36)U/L、(74.39±6.85)g/L、(4.51±0.32)mmol/L,(P<0.05)具有统计学意义。观察组总胆红素(8.22±2.47)μmol/L和直接胆红素(2.70±1.44)μmol/L小于对照组(12.33±2.36)μmol/L、(4.42±2.36)μmol/L,(P<0.05)具有统计学意义。结论:标本溶血对临床生化检验结果具有影响,会影响检验结果的准确性,需要临床进行干预,避免标本溶血问题。

关键词： 动物检验检疫   食品安全监管   控制体系构建  

摘要： 本文针对动物检测检验防疫的工作展开分析,针对质量安全排查的过程提出相关的优化措施,希望能够为构建完善的预防控制,解决三位一体的控制管理体系有所帮助。

关键词： 中药饮片质量   入库验收   验收记录   质量验收   分剂量   外观性状   火试法   常见问题  

摘要： 医院中药饮片入库验收是保证医院中药饮片质量的重要环节,把好饮片入库质量关是避免掺假伪劣中药饮片进入医院的关键。实际工作中,饮片入库前质量验收主要靠传统经验鉴别方法进行[1],根据饮片的外观性状(形、色、气味),利用感官看、摸、闻、尝等方法,必要时加用水试与火试法达到鉴别目的。我院自2011年8月起,推行中药饮片小包装的改革,解决了称量不准、分剂量不准确、药房灰尘及损耗大等问题;但由于小包装直观性差等原因,增加了验收难度。笔者整理2017年1月至2019年12月小包装中药饮片的验收记录、拒收数据与留用样品,对拒收原因进行分类分析,以供同行参考。

关键词： RESIDENT AUTONOMY   ENTRUSTMENT   EDUCATION  

摘要： Background: Lack of autonomy in the operating room (OR) during general surgery residency is a major contributing factor to low confidence operating independently after graduation. Although attempts to address decreased autonomy and development of entrustment in the OR are being made in general surgery programs, this issue has not been examined thoroughly in vascular surgery. We sought to determine barriers and opportunities for developing operative autonomy during vascular surgery training by surveying program directors (PDs) and trainees (integrated residents and fellows) in U.S. vascular surgery training programs. Methods: An anonymous electronic survey was sent via email to all PDs ( n = 155) and trainees ( n = 516) in United States vascular surgery training programs. Demographics, academic characteristics, and responses regarding factors impacting the development of entrustment were collected. Results: Thirty-five PDs and 100 trainees completed the survey (22.5% and 19.4% response rate, respectively). Sixty percent of trainees were integrated residents and 40% were fellows. Twenty percent of PDs and 33% of trainees were female, and 5% of all PDs and trainees were from underrepresented minorities. The single most positive factor affecting the development of autonomy according to trainees and PDs is familiarity of the faculty with the trainee. Both PDs and trainees thought the trainee's preparation for the case positively affected development of autonomy; however, more PDs believed that involvement with preoperative preparation in particular (marking the patient, consenting the patient, filling out a history and physical, prepping and draping the patient) was important ( P < 0.05). PDs believed that duty-hour limitations negatively affected the trainee's ability to develop autonomy in the OR, whereas more trainees believed that hospital or OR efficiency policies played a negative role ( P < 0.05). Finally, compared with trainees, PDs believed that the appropriate

关键词： Image processing   Artificial intelligence classifier   Convolutional neural networks   CNN   Industry automation   Control system   Hyperspectral camera   QUALITY   PRODUCTS  

摘要： During food tray packaging, some contamination may exist due to the presence of undesired objects. It is essential to detect anomalies during the packaging process in order to discard the faulty tray and avoid human consumption. This study demonstrates the on-line classification feasibility when using hyperspectral imaging systems for real-time food packaging control by using Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) as a classifier in heat-sealed food trays. A hyperspectral camera is used to capture individual food tray information and fed to a CNN classifier to detect faulty food trays with object contamination. The proposed system is able to detect up to eleven different contamination products (plastic, rubber, etc.). In case of a faulty tray, it is discarded from the automated production line. A specific database with different faults and normal cases was built. Various techniques are proposed for CNN architecture and its training. Results show a global fault detection accuracy higher than 94%. Additionally, the classification process is flexible can be tuned for optimal accuracy detection or FOR (False Omission Rate) improvement to reject any possible fault, depending on the factory requirements. An analysis of different faults is done, showing the limitations for some types of faults. Finally, the algorithm is integrated into the automated control of the manufacturing line, a total computation time between 70 and 105 ms depending on the number of channels selected for each food tray was obtained, which makes it possible to run the manufacturing line at a maximum speed of 14 food trays per second.

关键词： Taxonomic composition   MG-RAST   QIIME2   16S rRNA gene   Microbiota   GENE DATABASE   EFFICIENCY   ALIGNMENT   SILVA   DNA  

摘要： Environmental microbiome studies rely on fast and accurate bioinformatics tools to characterize the taxonomic composition of samples based on the 16S rRNA gene. MetaGenome Rapid Annotation using Subsystem Technology (MG-RAST) and Quantitative Insights Into Microbial Ecology 2 (QIIME2) are two of the most popular tools available to perform this task. Their underlying algorithms differ in many aspects, and therefore the comparison of the pipelines provides insights into their best use and interpretation of the outcomes. Both of these bioinformatics tools are based on several specialized algorithms pipelined together, but whereas MG-RAST is a user-friendly webserver that clusters rRNA sequences based on their similarity to create Operational Taxonomic Units (OTU), QIIME2 employs DADA2 in the construction of Amplicon Sequence Variants (ASV) by applying an error model that considers the abundance of each sequence and its similarity to other sequences. Taxonomic compositions obtained from the analyses of amplicon sequences of DNA from swine intestinal gut and faecal microbiota samples using MG-RAST and QIIME2 were compared at domain-, phylum-, family- and genus-levels in terms of richness, relative abundance and diversity. We found significant differences between the microbiota profiles obtained from each pipeline. At domain level, bacteria were relatively more abundant using QIIME2 than MG-RAST; at phylum level, seven taxa were identified exclusively by QIIME2; at family level, samples processed in QIIME2 showed higher evenness and richness (assessed by Shannon and Simpson indices). The genus-level compositions obtained from each pipeline were used in partial least squares-discriminant analyses (PLS-DA) to discriminate between sample collection sites (caecum, colon and faeces). The results showed that different genera were found to be significant for the models, based on the Variable Importance in Projection, e.g. when using sequencing data processed by MG-RAST, the thre

关键词： Posthumanist linguistics   Interspecies communication   Human-goat interaction   Genre theory   Animal agency   Discourse analysis  

摘要： This paper investigates how linguistic research can contribute to the field of interspecies studies through an ethnographic study on human-goat communication. It addresses two research questions: whether traditional discourse analytic theory can be used to analyze non-human communication, and whether the specific concepts of communicative events, purposes, and move structure within genre theory can be applied in these contexts. The data show that genre theory can be applied, and that both the humans and the goats attempt to make their communicative goals salient to the recipients. The results illustrate the possibility of applying traditional linguistic theory to non-human contexts, and it is argued that discourse analytic theory should include interspecies interactions to gain new insights in general communicative paradigms. (c) 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： 血清胆红素   尿素   冠心病   诊断  

摘要： 目的 观察分析血清胆红素与尿素水平检验在冠心病诊断及病情评估中的作用.方法 将2019年11月至2020年11月我院接收的50例冠心病病人进行研究,将其列为研究组,同时选取该时期50位健康者,对所有人进行血清胆红素与尿素检查,比较两组患者的血清胆红素和尿素水平.结果 实验组病人的血清胆红素与尿素水平均与参照组有明显差异,差异较大(P<0.05).结论 检验冠心病患者的血清胆红素和尿素水平对于临床诊断和病情评估有重要价值.

关键词： 市政基础设施项目   工程总承包   合同价格形式  

摘要： 以市政基础设施项目为研究对象,分析工程总承包模式下合同价格形式的顶层设计,梳理各省市的具体做法,结合合同价格形式的相关规定和工程总承包模式的发包阶段,探讨其工程总承包合同价格形式选择问题,得出宜采取单价合同,尽量不采用总价合同和成本加酬金合同的结论。